excretory system Flashcards
(32 cards)
what is excretion
the removal of metabolic wastes
what is elimination
the removal of undigested material like bacteria and bile pigments
what are the 5 excretory organs
liver, lungs, sweat glands, kidneys and alimentary Canal
what does the lungs excrete
CO2 from cellular respiration
what does the liver excrete
urea and bile pigments
what does the sweat glands excrete
salts, urea and lactic acid
what does the kidneys excrete
urea, uric acids, and creatinine
what does the alimentary canal excrete
undigested food, bacteria, bile pigments
what is the function of proteins in the body
makes up structural materials of cells
proteins are broken down into…
amino acids
proteins become the primary constituents of what
cell structures, enzymes, antibodies and many glandular secretions
when does deamination occur
when there are excess amino acids
what happened to the remaining part of the amino acids once amino group is removed
converted into carbs and used for energy in cellular respiration
describe the process of deamination
- the amine group is removed from amino acids
- ammonia reacts quickly with CO2 and converted into urea as its highly toxic
- the urea is sent to the kidneys where it gets filtered into urine and sent into the ureter and then down to your urethra
what is deamination
the process in which excess proteins are converted into urea
why does the liver need to convert ammonia to urea quickly
ammonia is highly toxic and very small amounts can kill you
where are small amounts of urea also lost
in the sweat glands
what are the 4 functions of the liver
1.deamination of proteins
2.detoxifies drugs e.g alcohol and antibiotics
3.deactivates hormones to be excreted by the kidneys
4. breaks down haemoglobin to produce bile pigments to be excreted
what is the main function of the skin
a protective covering over the surface and regulates body temperature
what much water do your sweat glands secret everyday
500mL
what is dissolved in the water secreted by the sweat glands
sodium chloride, lactic acid and urea
explain how sweat is secreted from the sweat glands
a duct carries sweat to a hair follicle or the skins surface where it will open up at a pore
where is the sweat glands located
low under the skin
where are the kidneys found and how long are they
found in the abdomen 11 cm long
