respiratory system Flashcards
(19 cards)
what is the naval cavity
- filters the air by the nose hair
- warms and moistens air before enters lugs ‘
- mucus traps dust
why does the air need to be moistened
because gases cannot diffuse through dry substances
what does the pharynx (throat)
allows air to pass through to travel to the lungs
what is the epiglottis
a flap of tissue that closes off the trachea so food doesn’t get to the lungs
what are the bronchioles
fine tubes of smooth muscle that expands when the body needs more air
what are the alveoli
tiny air sacs
what is the diaphragm
a muscle that separates from the chest to abdomen, contracts and flattens down to allow room when lungs inflate
what is the larynx (voice box)
contains vocal cords that vibrate to make sound
what is the trachea
contains C shape cartilage to hold structure open, carries air to and from the lungs
what are the lungs
a pair of spongy organs within the chest cavity, crucial for breathing and gas exchange.
what is the bronchi
branch off the trachea into each lung
what are the ribs
framework of the chest
what are the intercostal muscles
the muscles between the ribs, moves the ribs to allow room when lungs inflate
what are the 2 types of ventilation called
inspiration and expiration
what is the 3 step process of inspiration
- intercostal muscles and diaphragm contract (extending rib cage up and out)
- lung volume increases
- air flows from high pressure outside to low pressure inside the lungs
what is the 3 step process of expiration called
- rib cage moves down and in, intercostal muscles and diaphram relax
- lung volume decreases
- air flows from high inside to low pressure outside
what is ventilation
when air is moved into and out of the lungs
how is the concentration gradient maintained
continuous flow of blood and continuous ventilation
what does the acronym NOBAD stand for
number
one cell thick
blood vessels
air movement
deep and moist
