digestive system

Question 1

five steps of getting nutrients

Answer 1

ingestion - eating
digestion - breaking down food
absorption - food passing into the blood.
assimilation - food being used by the cells
egestion passing out unabsorbed food (faeces)

Question 2

mechanical digestion is

Answer 2

physically broken down by the teeth and by the churning action of the stomach

Question 3

how many incisors are there

Answer 3

incisors (4) they cut and slice food

Question 4

canines

Answer 4

(2) GRIP AND TEAR FOOD

Question 5

pre molar

Answer 5

(4) chew and grind food

Question 6

molars

Answer 6

(6) chew and grind food

Question 7

peristalsis

Answer 7

muscular movement that only occurs in the muscles of the digestive system.

Question 8

enzymes

Answer 8

a protein that alters the speed of a chemical reaction in an organism

Question 9

chemical digestion

Answer 9

occurs when enzymes break down larger food molecules

Question 10

amylase

Answer 10

amylase breaks down starch into maltose, in the small intestine the enzyme maltase acts on maltose to produce glucose.

Question 11

mouth and tongue

Answer 11

mechanical teeth - cut, tear, chew, grind.

tongue - moves food down to the oesophagus.

chemical - saliva in the mouth produces the enzyme amylase.

Question 12

oesophagus

Answer 12

a muscular tube that allows food to pass to the stomach, food moves by peristalsis

Question 13

stomach

Answer 13

mechanical - churns food into a substance called chyme.

chemical - the enzyme pepsin is released which breaks down proteins
hydrochloric acid kills bacteria allowing enzymes to work.

Question 14

liver

Answer 14

creates bile
bile is a yellowish liquid that helps break down fats into smaller droplets so they can be broken down by enzymes.

Question 15

pancreas

Answer 15

releases insulin which keeps blood sugar at the right level
releases a digestive juice called pancreatic juice containing enzymes into the small intestine.

Question 16

small intestine

Answer 16

further digestion by enzymes
soluble food (nutrients) is absorbed into the blood (absorption)

Question 17

large intestine

Answer 17

water is absorbed from the food leaving faeces (undigested food.)

Question 18

appendix

Answer 18

a source of good bacteria! we used to think it had no use.
used to help us when we had to digest lots of tough fibres.

Question 19

rectum

Answer 19

undigested food is stored as faeces, before being egested through the anus

Question 20

alimentary canal

Answer 20

a tube that extends from mouth through the stomach, intestines and into the rectum and anus

Question 21

how do the organs of the digestive system interact with eachother

Answer 21

Mouth and salivary glands: The salivary glands produce the enzyme amylase, which enters the mouth.​

Liver and gall bladder: The liver produces bile. Bile is stored in the gall bladder.​

Gall bladder and small intestine: The gall bladder sends bile into the small intestine to help with the digestion of fats.​

Pancreas and small intestine: The pancreas produces a number of enzymes that are passed into the small intestine.​

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Question 22

iodine solution

Answer 22

iodine solution is an orange/brown liquid and is used to test for the presence of starch. if starch is present, the solutions turns into a blue/black color