Digestive System

Question 1

gastrointestinal tract

Answer 1

An organ system responsible for transporting and digesting foodstuffs, absorbing nutrients, and expelling waste.

Question 2

oral cavity

Answer 2

Includes the lips, the inside lining of the lips and cheeks, the teeth, the gums, the front two-thirds of the tongue, the floor of the mouth below the tongue, and the bony roof of the mouth.

Question 3

hard palate

Answer 3

The bony front part of the palate.

Question 4

soft palate

Answer 4

The fleshy, flexible part toward the back of the roof of the mouth.

Question 5

uvula

Answer 5

A fleshy extension at the back of the soft palate that hangs above the throat.

Question 6

lingual frenulum

Answer 6

A small fold of mucous membrane extending from the floor of the mouth to the mid-line of the underside of the tongue.

Question 7

pharynx

Answer 7

The membrane-lined cavity behind the nose and mouth, connecting them to the esophagus. (throat)

Question 8

esophagus

Answer 8

a muscular tube connecting the throat with the stomach

Question 9

mucosa

Answer 9

a biological membrane that lines various cavities in the body and surrounds internal organs

Question 10

submucosa

Answer 10

the layer of areolar connective tissue lying beneath a mucous membrane.

Question 11

muscularis externa

Answer 11

A region of muscle in many organs in the vertebrate body, adjacent to the submucosa

Question 12

serosa

Answer 12

the tissue of a serous membrane.

Question 13

visceral peritoneum

Answer 13

Wrapped around the visceral organs ,located inside the intraperitoneal space for protection .

Question 14

parietal peritoneum

Answer 14

Attached to the abdominal wall and the pelvic walls

Question 15

mesentery

Answer 15

a fold of the peritoneum that attaches the stomach, small intestine, pancreas, spleen, and other organs to the posterior wall of the abdom

Question 16

stomach

Answer 16

The internal organ in which the major part of the digestion of food occurs, being a pear-shaped enlargement of the alimentary canal linking the esophagus to the small intestine.

Question 17

cardioesophageal sphincter

Answer 17

a circular muscle that constricts a passage or closes a natural orifice

Question 18

pyloric sphincter

Answer 18

a band of smooth muscle at the junction between the pylorus of the stomach and the duodenum of the small intestine

Question 19

rugae

Answer 19

refers to a series of ridges produced by folding of the wall of an orga

Question 20

greater curvature

Answer 20

the boundary of the stomach that forms a long usually convex curve on the left from the opening for the esophagus to the opening into the duodenum

Question 21

lesser curvature

Answer 21

the boundary of the stomach that in humans forms a relatively short concave curve on the right from the opening for the esophagus to the opening into the duodenum

Question 22

greater omentum

Answer 22

a large apron-like fold of visceral peritoneum that hangs down from the stomach

Question 23

Chyme

Answer 23

semifluid mass of partly digested food that is expelled by the stomach into the duodenum

Question 24

small intestine

Answer 24

the part of the intestine that runs between the stomach and the large intestine; the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum collectively.

Question 25

ileocecal valve

Answer 25

a papillose structure with physiological sphincter muscle situated at the junction of the small intestine

Question 26

duodenum

Answer 26

Smallest part of the small intestine

Question 27

jejunum

Answer 27

Middle part of the small intestine

Question 28

jejunum

Answer 28

Largest part of the small intestine

Question 29

pancreatic ducts

Answer 29

a duct joining the pancreas to the common bile duct to supply pancreatic juices which aid in digestion provided by the exocrine pancreas

Question 30

bile duct

Answer 30

the duct that conveys bile from the liver and the gallbladder to the duodenum

Question 31

large intestine

Answer 31

absorbs water from the remaining indigestible food matter and transmit the useless waste material from the body

Question 32

cecum

Answer 32

a pouch connected to the junction of the small and large intestines

Question 33

appendix

Answer 33

3 1/2-inch-long tube of tissue that extends from the large intestine

Question 34

colon

Answer 34

the main part of the large intestine, which passes from the cecum to the rectum and absorbs water and electrolytes from food that has remained undigested

Question 35

rectum

Answer 35

the final section of the large intestine, terminating at the anus

Question 36

anal canal

Answer 36

most terminal part of the lower GI tract/large intestine, which lies between the anal verge

Question 37

ascending colon

Answer 37

e first main part of the large intestine, which passes upward from the cecum on the right side of the abdomen

Question 38

transverse colon

Answer 38

the middle part of the large intestine, passing across the abdomen from right to left below the stomach

Question 39

descending colon

Answer 39

the part of the large intestine that passes downward on the left side of the abdomen toward the rectum

Question 40

sigmoid colon

Answer 40

the S-shaped last part of the large intestine, leading into the rectum

Question 41

liver

Answer 41

a large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates, involved in many metabolic processes

Question 42

gall bladder

Answer 42

small organ where bile is stored