Digestive System Quiz 1

Question 1

functions

Answer 1

• break down food for “fuel”

- break down of food providing building blocks of growth and development

Question 2

where is “fuel” used

Answer 2

the metabolism

Question 3

what is “fuel”

Answer 3

simple carbs and fatty acid

Question 4

6 processes

Answer 4

• ingestion
• mastication
• digestion
• secretion
• absorption
• excretion of waste

Question 5

mastication

Answer 5

chewing; the mechanical processing of food

Question 6

digestion

Answer 6

chemical processing of food

Question 7

what parts of the body are involved in mastication

Answer 7

teeth, tongue, palate, cheeks

Question 8

4 layers of the alimentary canal (inside to outside)

Answer 8

• mucosal layer
• submucosa layer
• muscularis layer
• serosa layer

Question 9

mucosal layer

Answer 9

epithelium and loose CT

Question 10

muscularis layer

Answer 10

• involuntary smooth muscle

- inner circular muscle and outer longitudinal muscle

Question 11

how can we eat and drink hanging upside down

Answer 11

muscularis layer

Question 12

submucosa layer

Answer 12

• loose CT

- contains blood vessels, nerves, lymphs, and islands of smooth muscle

Question 13

serosa layer

Answer 13

• loose connective tissue
• forms all connections to body wall membranes
• continuous with mesentery

Question 14

which layer moves food through the digestive tract

Answer 14

muscularis layer

Question 15

what parts of the body are responsible for sensory analysis

Answer 15

lips and tongue

Question 16

what part of the body is responsible for lubrication

Answer 16

salivary glands

Question 17

what part of the body is responsible for the enzymatic digestion of carbs

Answer 17

salivary glands

Question 18

is salivation voluntary

Answer 18

no

Question 19

is mastication voluntary

Answer 19

yes

Question 20

what is the vestibule

Answer 20

the space between the lips, cheeks, and teeth

Question 21

where does the soft palate end

Answer 21

the uvula

Question 22

which bone is the tongue attached to

Answer 22

hyoid bone

Question 23

how many secondary teeth

Answer 23

32

Question 24

do the cheeks have any sensory function

Answer 24

no

Question 25

the cheek is a ______

Answer 25

muscle

Question 26

what are the lips

Answer 26

- highly mobile muscles covered in skin | - vascular with many receptors

Question 27

what are lip receptors responsible for

Answer 27

texture and temperature

Question 28

job of the lips

Answer 28

prehension

Question 29

prehension

Answer 29

to draw food into oral cavity

Question 30

what is the tongue

Answer 30

a large skeletal muscle

Question 31

what connects the tongue to the floor of the mouth

Answer 31

the lingual frenulum

Question 32

job of the tongue

Answer 32

mechanical mixing of food with saliva by pushing it against the palate

Question 33

how does food not slide into the pharynx

Answer 33

the raised papillae at the posterior surface

Question 34

what is needed in order for taste to occur

Answer 34

the food must be dissolved in saliva

Question 35

senses of taste

Answer 35

salty, bitter, sweet, sour, umami (potable water)

Question 36

what bones make up the soft palate

Answer 36

there is no bone

Question 37

what bones make up the hard palate

Answer 37

maxilla and palatine

Question 38

how many baby teeth

Answer 38

20

Question 39

when do the baby teeth usually erupt

Answer 39

6 months - 2 years

Question 40

when are all of the baby teeth normally fully grown

Answer 40

4 years

Question 41

when do all of the secondary teeth normally come in

Answer 41

17-25 years

Question 42

what makes up teeth

Answer 42

dentin (strong as bone)

Question 43

what determines the health of the teeth

Answer 43

maternal genetics

Question 44

incisors job

Answer 44

knife

Question 45

canine and cuspid job

Answer 45

tearing

Question 46

molars job

Answer 46

grind

Question 47

salivary gland job

Answer 47

moisten, lubricate, dissolve, produce enzymes, help clean mouth and teeth, digest carbs

Question 48

types of salivary glands

Answer 48

parotid gland, submandibular gland, sublingual salivary duct

Question 49

parotid gland

Answer 49

- back of jaw, in front of ear | - produces amylase

Question 50

amylase job

Answer 50

digest carbs into disaccharides

Question 51

submandibular gland

Answer 51

- floor of the mouth | - serous and mucus secretions

Question 52

sublingual gland

Answer 52

- ducts on either side of the frenulum | - mucous secretions

Question 53

palatine tonsils

Answer 53

posterior wall of oropharynx

Question 54

deglutition defintion

Answer 54

swallowing

Question 55

deglutition process

Answer 55

1. after mastication the tongue forces the bolus into the pharynx (voluntary) 2. the bolus stimulates receptor cells along the pharyngeal wall triggering peristalsis; uvula and soft palate are drawn upward to close off nasal cavity; epiglottis covers the trachea and breathing is briefly inhibited 3. peristalsis continues to move the bolus into the esophagus

Question 56

secretion

Answer 56

water, acid, enzymes, and buffers to aid digestion and absorption

Question 57

absorption

Answer 57

movement of macromolecules, vitmains, electrolytes, and water into blood and lympg

Question 58

3 sections of pharynx

Answer 58

nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx

Question 59

nasopharynx

Answer 59

- contains adenoid tissue and opening of the eustachian tube | - passageway for air from the nasal cavity to the pharynx

Question 60

oropharynx

Answer 60

- contains palatine tonsils | - allows passage of air and food

Question 61

laryngopharynx

Answer 61

- contains the opening to the trachea covered by the epiglottis - continuous with esophagus

Question 62

esophagus

Answer 62

- posterior to trachea - enters the abdominal cavity through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm - little to no absorption of nutrient - protective and lubricating mucous secretions

Question 63

2 sphincters of esophagus

Answer 63

upper and lower

Question 64

upper esophagus

Answer 64

relaxes to allow bolus in and pulls the larynx forward during deglutition

Question 65

lower esophagus

Answer 65

controls exit of bolus and prevents regurgitation of stomach content