Diseases Of The Respiratory System

Question 1

What is epistaxis?

Answer 1

Nose bleeds

Question 2

How do you treat epistaxis?

Answer 2

Locate and stop bleeding
Pressure and drugs

Question 3

What is sinusitis?

Answer 3

Usually involves the frontal or maxillary sinus*
Collection of pus- swelling over the sinus
Most common cause= tooth root abscess*

Question 4

What are the sings of sinusitis?

Answer 4

Swelling under the eye on the side of the bad tooth
Unilateral nasal discharge

Question 5

How do you diagnose sinusitis?

Answer 5

Exam of the nasal and oral cavity
Radiographs to determine resorption of bone
Culture and sensitivity of all fistula tracts

Question 6

How do you treat sinusitis?

Answer 6

Antibiotics
Removal of the tooth to promote drainage
Flushing of fistula tracts with antiseptic solution

Question 7

What is infectious canine tracheobronchitis?

Answer 7

Aka kennel cough
Includes places where groups of dos are like groomers, boarding areas,etc

Question 8

How do you diagnose kennel cough?

Answer 8

Clinical signs and history
Cough on tracheal palpation in an otherwise healthy dog

Question 9

How do you treat kennel cough?

Answer 9

Antibiotics,etc

Question 10

What is collapsing trachea?

Answer 10

Tracheal rings lose their ability to remain firm*
Collapsing during respiration
Progressive disease
Yorkies

Question 11

What are the signs of collapsing trachea?

Answer 11

History of harsh, dry, goose honk cough
Cough often worse on exercise or excitement or when pulling on the collar
Often concurrent signs of heart disease

Question 12

How do you diagnose collapsing trachea?

Answer 12

Palpación- cough radiology
Bronchoscopy

Question 13

How do you treat collapsing trachea?

Answer 13

Symptomatic: drug therapy
Antitussives, glucocorticoids, bronchodilator’s
Surgical-artificial rings, cervical
Stent- thoracic

Question 14

What is feline asthma?

Answer 14

Human asthma, same in cats as it is in humans

Question 15

What are the signs of feline asthma?

Answer 15

Acute onset of labored breathing
Cough
Wheezing
Lethargy

Question 16

How do you diagnoses feline asthma?

Answer 16

Clinical signs
Radiographs

Question 17

How do you treat feline asthma?

Answer 17

Acute onset; terbutaline IV, short acting steroid, nasal oxygen
Chronic; manage airway inflammation, bronchodilator’s and oxygen therapy

Question 18

What is feline heart worm?

Answer 18

Less infection in cats than dogs
Seen is 30-50% of the states

Question 19

What are the signs of feline heartworm?

Answer 19

Cough
Dyspnea
Weight loss,anorexia
Omitting
Lethargy
Acute or persecute signs; salvation, tachycardia
Dyspnea
Hemoptysis, cough
Central nervous system
Sudden death

Question 20

How do you diagnose feline heartworm?

Answer 20

Lab; microfilaria test,antigen tests, and antibody test
Radiographs
Echocardiography

Question 21

How do you treat feline heartworm?

Answer 21

Supportive care
Prevention

Question 22

What is pleural effusion?

Answer 22

Build up of fluid within the pleural space, results in respiratory distress for the patients
Emphysema- purulent exudative pleural effusion , secondary to trauma, FB or pulmonary infection

Question 23

What are the signs of pleural effusion?

Answer 23

Dyspnea
May have a cough,fever, pleural pain

Question 24

How do you diagnose pleural effusion?

Answer 24

Thoracic radiographs
Thoracocentesis

Question 25

What is coccidiomycosis?

Answer 25

A dimorphic soil fungus found in semiarid areas with sandy soils and mild winters Valley fever Not zoonotic, but use caution when treating draining lesion

Question 26

What are the signs of coccidioidomycosis?

Answer 26

May appear for weeks to years after exposure Mild, nonproductive cough Low-grade fever Anorexia Weight loss Skin lesion Lameness Soft-tissue Swelling and joint pain

Question 27

How do you diagnose coccidioidomycosis?

Answer 27

CBC or blood chemistry Cytology/biopsy Radiographs Serology Tigers greater than 1:16 to 1:32 indicate active disease

Question 28

How do you treat coccidioidomycosis?

Answer 28

Meds Treatment may be required for 6-12 months Long term oral antifungals Response is good, but relapse is common Lifelong treatment may be necessary

Question 29

What is pulmonary neoplasms?

Answer 29

Primary lung tumors are relatively uncommon Metastatic neoplasms are relatively common

Question 30

What are the signs of pulmonary neoplasms?

Answer 30

Evidence of a primary tumor at a site other than the lung All clinical signs as for primary tumor Any signs associated with the organ system involved in the primary tumor

Question 31

How do you diagnose pulmonary neoplasms?

Answer 31

Thoracic radiographs- not provide definitive diagnosis, may miss lesion <5mm, 3 views left and right lateral, VD, or DV Biopsy or cytology - definitive diagnosis, can use ultrasound as a guide

Question 32

How do you treat pulmonary neoplasms?

Answer 32

Surgical removal of primary tumor Chemotherapy Many tumors are untreatable by he time they are diagnosed

Question 33

What causes epistaxis?

Answer 33

Systemic disease Trauma Fungal infection Bacterial infection Tumors

Question 34

What is chylothorax?

Answer 34

Accumulation of chylous fluid in the pleural space Chlye0 lymphatic fluid arising from the intestines containing a high () of fat Secondary to any disease increases systemic venous pressure