Disorders of Childhood

Question 1

Excessive levels of activity, distractibility, and difficultly concentrating is common among children with what?

Answer 1

Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Question 2

Three sub categories of ADHD:
1 Predominantly ________ type
2 Predominantly hyperactive-_________ type
3 Combined type

Answer 2

inattentive; impulsive

Question 3

What is the main difference between ADHD and conduct disorder?

Answer 3

In conduct disorder there is intent towards undertaking the behaviour

Question 4

What gender is ADHD more prevalent in ?

Answer 4

Boys

Question 5

Are two dopamine genes found in aetiology of PDD or ADHD?

Answer 5

ADHD

Question 6

Is there evidence to suggest that sugar is related to ADHD?

Answer 6

No

Question 7

Parents of children with ______ give more commands and have more negative interactions

Answer 7

ADHD

Question 8

What is the most used treatment in ADHD?

Answer 8

Stimulant medications

Question 9

_________ disorder is marked by a pattern of engaging in behaviours that violate social norms, the rights of others, and are often illegal

Answer 9

Conduct

Question 10

Damaging property, vandalism, aggression and cruelty are all characteristic of _______ disorder

Answer 10

conduct

Question 11

Is conduct disorder or oppositional defiant disorder more severe

Answer 11

Conduct disorder

Question 12

Moffat explains that the two types of conduct disorder are:

1: ____-_______-persistent pattern of antisocial behaviour
2: __________ limited

Answer 12

life-course; adolescent

Question 13

Treatments for conduct disorder is most effective when the child is under __ years

Answer 13

13

Question 14

For psychological treatment for depression, as children typically have difficulty recognising and understanding their feelings and motives, many therapists use _____ therapy as part of treatment

Answer 14

Play

Question 15

__________ anxiety disorder: Worry about parental or personal safety when away from parents

Answer 15

separation

Question 16

OCD in children is more common in boys or girls?

Answer 16

Boys

Question 17

__________ disability is not due to intellectual disability, autism, physical disorder, or educational limits

Answer 17

learning

Question 18

___________ deficit disorder requires _ or more standard deviations in IQ below the average score for a person’s age and cultural group

Answer 18

intellectual

Question 19

________ deficit disorder shows deficits in adaptive functioning relative to the person’s age and cultural group and needs an onset before age of 18

Answer 19

intellectual

Question 20

Children with ASD either develop _______ or ______ later or not at all

Answer 20

theory of mind

Question 21

_______ factors are characteristic or hazards that increase the possibility of occurrence, severity, duration or frequency of later psychological disorders, while _______ factors are variables that increase resilience under conditions of adversity and increase resistance to later disturbance

Answer 21

Risk; Protective

Question 22

Risk and protective factors can be genetic or __________

Answer 22

environmental

Question 23

In contemporary diagnostic approaches, the most common forms of psychological disorders in children can be categorised as either _______ (under-controlled, behaviours directed at others), or ___________ (over-controlled)

Answer 23

externalising; internalising

Question 24

_____ is defined by symptoms of inattention and/or hyperactivity, and impulsivity

Answer 24

ADHD

Question 25

__________ refers to difficulty sustaining attention, being easily distracted, and forgetful

Answer 25

Inattention

Question 26

_________ refers to fidgeting, moving about excessively, and not being able to stay seated

Answer 26

hyperactivity

Question 27

_________ refers to difficulties waiting in turn, blurting out answers or interrupting

Answer 27

impulsivity

Question 28

There is a high comorbidity between ADHD and what other disorder?

Answer 28

Oppositional defiant disorder

Question 29

Symptoms of ADHD in adults may include difficulty completing _______ tasks and ___________

Answer 29

mundane; procrastination

Question 30

Research has found deficits in __________ functioning in children with ADHD

Answer 30

executive

Question 31

Stimulants increase the availability of ________ and have been found to reduce the overactivity, impulsivity, and inattention characteristics in individuals with ADHD

Answer 31

dopamine

Question 32

A _______ ________ disorder is diagnosed when a child's academic achievement is below what is expected given his/her chronological age and is not accounted for by intellectual disability

Answer 32

specific learning

Question 33

What is the most common subtype disorder of specific learning disorder?

Answer 33

Reading disorder

Question 34

__________ disorder is characterised by difficulties in reading accuracy, fluency, and comprehension that are unexpected in relation to the child's chronological age

Answer 34

Reading

Question 35

______________ awareness entails understanding the sound structure of one's oral language

Answer 35

phonological

Question 36

Phonological limitations may lead to inefficiencies in ________ memory

Answer 36

working

Question 37

Three possible etiological factors in Reading disorder are: 1 P___________ awareness 2 Deficits in ________ memory 3 language processing _________

Answer 37

Phonological; Working; Speed

Question 38

What four disorders are subsumed into ASD?

Answer 38

Autistic disorder; Asperges Disorder; Disintegrative disorder; Pervasive developmental disorder NOS

Question 39

``` ASD is now made up of: 1 _______ disorder 2 Asperges Disorder 3 ___________ disorder 4 __________ developmental disorder NOS ```

Answer 39

Autistic; Disintegrative; Pervasive

Question 40

_____ is marked by impairments in social communication and social interaction, as well as repetitive behaviours, interests and activities

Answer 40

ASD

Question 41

Children with ASD have deficits in theory of ______

Answer 41

mind

Question 42

Boys outnumber girls _:1 in ASD

Answer 42

2

Question 43

__________ disability comprises of a heterogeneous group of disorders with multiple causes, all of which involve deficits in intellectual functioning and adaptive functioning

Answer 43

intellectual

Question 44

Intellectual disability have deficits in __________ and _________ functioning and these both have to have an onset in childhood

Answer 44

intellectual; adaptive

Question 45

_____________ are described as problems of under-control, where behaviours are directed at others

Answer 45

Externalising

Question 46

Behaviours in ___________ disorders are often seen by others as oppositional, non-compliant, attention seeking, and disruptive

Answer 46

externalising

Question 47

_____________ _____________ disorder: marked by chronic misbehaviour in children marked by belligerence, irritability, and defiance

Answer 47

Oppositional defiant

Question 48

______ disorder: Marked by chronic disregard for the rights of others, including specific behaviours such as stealing, lying, and engaging in acts of violence

Answer 48

conduct

Question 49

What disorder includes vindictiveness, regulating emotion, and negative affect?

Answer 49

Oppositional defiant disorder

Question 50

What hormone might be involved in the aetiology of oppositional defiant disorder?

Answer 50

Androgen

Question 51

________ process model proposes that parents and children engage in progressively more coercive interactions with each other through learning processes involved for both parent and child

Answer 51

Coercive

Question 52

___________ disorder is characterised by persistent pattern of violation of rules and the rights of others

Answer 52

conduct

Question 53

Poor _______ skills are common in conduct disordered children

Answer 53

social

Question 54

__________ _______ therapy is designed to improve the attributions family members make about each other's behaviours, family communication, and supportiveness and to decrease negativity and dysfunctional patterns of behaviour

Answer 54

Functional Family

Question 55

___________ disorders such as anxiety and depression are often described as over-controlled, where feelings and states are inner directed

Answer 55

internalising

Question 56

_______ ________ disorder is marked by abnormal feel or worry over becoming separated from one's caregivers as well as clinging behaviour in the presence of caregivers

Answer 56

separation anxiety

Question 57

Children with separation anxiety disorder tend to have a genetic disposition to high _______ anyway

Answer 57

anxiety

Question 58

___________ inhibitor is marked by a tendency to display anxiety and to withdraw in unfamiliar situations

Answer 58

behavioural

Question 59

Parental ________ could be an important etiological factor in separation anxiety disorder

Answer 59

anxiety

Question 60

What is the intervention of choice in separation anxiety disorder?

Answer 60

CBT

Question 61

_________: elimination disorder in children who are at least five years of age who wet the bed twice a week for three months

Answer 61

enuresis

Question 62

________: elimination disorder in children who are at least four years old who dedicate inappropriately at least once a month for three months

Answer 62

encopresis