Short answers Flashcards by Micah Boerma

CA:

What are the 5 types of clinical assessment?

1 Clinical interview 
2 Physical examination 
3 Behavioural assessment
4 Psychological testing 
5 Information from sig. others

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5 types of clinical assessment 
1 Clinical interview 
2 \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ examination 
3 \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ assessment
4 \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ testing 
5 Information from sig. others

Physical; Behavioural; Psychological

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Presenting problems, current and past behaviours, medical and life history, and current risk are all evaluated in what?

The Clinical interview

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Structured or semi-structured _______ ______ also typically use the Mental Status Exam

Clinical interviews

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What is a physical examination good for?

To rule out medical condition influence

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The _______ _________’s purpose to confirm occurrence of problem behaviours and situations and identity antecedents, behaviours, and consequences

Behavioural assessment

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Risk of financial harm is associated typically with what disorder?

Mania

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Risk of reputation is primarily associated with what psychological disorder?

Psychotic disorder, predominantly mania

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\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_: 
\: Being abnormally thin
\: fear of gaining weight
\: engaging in behaviours to prevent weight gains
\: body image disturbance

Anorexia criteria

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Is self-esteem associated with anorexia?

yes

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Is perfectionism associated with anorexia?

Yes

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Is negative emotions in body dissatisfaction associated with anorexia?

yes

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Are there different types of treatment settings in anorexia ?

Yes inpatient treatment and out-patient treatment; also day-patient treatment

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Is there a strong attachment to the disorder in anorexia?

Yes

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__________ __________ therapy is used in anorexia and aims to help patients increase their motivation to change so that are more able to engage in treatment and make a lasting recovery

Motivational enhancement

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In ____, dysfunctional beliefs regarding food and weight are targeted in anorexia

CBT

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Is family therapy used in anorexia?

Yes, especially for younger children

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The Maudsley Model of family-based treatment is used in the treatment of _________ and encourages the establishment of new patterns of family relationships and accountability in eating

anorexia

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Is there an intense fear in gaining weight in anorexia?

Yes

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What are some features of Bulimia?

Large intake of food in a short amount of time
Inappropriate compensatory behaviours
At least once a week for three months
Low self-evaluation of body shape and weight

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Is there a lack of control in bulimia?

yes

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Is motivational enhancement therapy used in bulimia?

Yes

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CBT includes education, targeting dysfunctional cognitions, and relapse prevention in ________ treatment

bulimia

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Is interpersonal therapy used in bulimia?

Yes

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Interpersonal therapy is to help individuals identity and change current interpersonal problems in ________ treatment

bulimia

OCD criteria: 1: Obsessions and/or __________ 2: must cause marked dysfunction and ________ 3: Symptoms must not be attributable to _________ use 4: Obsessions and compulsions cannot be restricted to another _________

compulsions; distress; substance; disorder

What are the two Etiological models of OCD?

The Neuropsychological model | The Cognitive model

The Cognitive model of _____ states that it is caused by the misinterpretation of intrusive thoughts

OCD

The ___________ model of OCD remains the only theoretical position that is consistent with a full range of phenomenology of OCD

Cognitive

What is exposure and response prevention treatment used in?

OCD

What is DIRT treatment in OCD?

Danger Ideation Reduction Therapy

Prolonged imaginal exposure and anxiety management techniques are used in the treatment of ______

PTSD

Significant weight loss/gain; insomnia/hypoinsomnia; loess of energy and fatigue and empty and hopeless feelings are associated with which disorder?

Major depressive disorder

I motor restlessness and/or slowed movement associated with depression?

Yes

According to one theory, psychotic and melancholic depression are primarily _______ based disorders, while non-melancholic depression is from life-event stressors and __________ factors

biological; psychological

________ __________ ________: 1 Depressed mood for more than two weeks duration 2 Loss of interest in previously enjoyed activities (anhedonia)

Major Depressive Disorder

Some symptoms of MDD: 1 ________ disturbance (high/low) 2 _________ disturbance (high/low) 3 loss of _______ nearly every day 4 diminished ________ 5 feelings of excessive guilt or worthlessness 6 recurrent _________ ideation 7 Motor disturbance (___________ agitation)

Appetite; Sleep; energy; concentration; suicidal; psychomotor

PDD can last __-__ years, but it normally lasts approx _ years

20-30; 5

People who are depressed tend to demonstrate chronic (overactivity; under activity ) in the HPA axis, resulting in the production of excess stress hormones (such as cortisol), which in turn affects the way in which monoamine neurotransmitters work in the brain

Overactivity

In particular, life events that entail experiences of _____ and ________ are frequently associated with the onset of depression

loss and failure

What was found in Oei's 2006 study?

Reduced dysfunctional cognitions predicted a reduction in depressive symptoms, and that reduction predicted a reduction in dysfunctional thinking for depression in CBT

What is Pleasant activity Scheduling and what disorder is it used in?

A planning schedule that gradually increases in the level of pleasant activities the client participates in. It is used with depression and especially high cases of anhedonia

What treatment uses Pleasant Activity Planning and in the treatment of what?

CBT; Depression

Rational emotive therapy is called __________ ___________ in the treatment of depression

cognitive restructuring

__________ therapy in the treatment of depression aims to help clients resolve dysfunctional interpersonal relationships and/or encourages them to develop new relationships as a means of improving their mood

Interpersonal

Negative schemata causes cognitive ______

biases

Feelings, _________ and _________ are all interrelated in Aaron Beck's model (CBT)

thoughts; behaviours

What is Behavioural Activation used in the treatment of?

Depression

How long does a manic episode have to last?

one week (unless previously hospitalised)

Bipolar _ disorder is defined by the presence of one or more manic episodes, which might also potentially experience depressive episodes

An individual MUST have experienced at least one episode of major depression to be diagnosed with bipolar _ disorder, and also at least one period of hypomania

Does the symptoms for Cyclothymic disorder meet those of Bipolar 1 or 2?

No. They are less severe but generally more chronic

What is the model that attempts to link creativity to bipolar disorder?

The Shared Vulnerability Model: proposes cognitive disinhibition

What is the proposed underlying genetic vulnerability in Bipolar disorders?

The Circadian Rhythm

____________ disturbance in a psychological factor thought to be a causal link for Bipolar Disorders

Cognitive

Mood monitoring is important in the treatment of what?

Bipolar Disorders

Interpersonal and Social Rhythm therapy is used in the treatment of _________

Bipolar disorders

Are family interventions and relapse interventions used in the treatment of Bipolar disorders?

Yes

Alogia refers to a marked reduction in _______ as reflected in decreased speech

thoughts

If the duration criterion of six months of total disturbances is not met, then the diagnosis of _____________ disorder might apply instead of schizophrenia

schizophreniform

What disorder needs schizophrenia and major depressive disorder to be present for two weeks?

Schizoaffective disorder

If you has psychotic symptoms for less than a month and then returned to normal, what type of disorder is it?

Break Psychotic Disorder

How long does schizophreniform disorder last?

Less than 6 months

Is token economy used in the treatment of psychotic disorders?

Yes, not recently

How is CBT used in schizophrenia?

Arguing delusional and unreal beliefs

___________ disorders: Conditions with a known physical basis, which is aggravated by psychological factors

psychosomatic

Is excessive help seeking behaviour associated with Paranoid Personality disorder or 'Somatic Symptoms and related disorders' ?

Somatic Symptoms and related disorders

Is preoccupation and worry about illness associated with Paranoid personality disorder or Somatic symptoms and related disorder?

Somatic symptoms and related disorders

Are their abnormal and disproportionate reactions to symptoms in Somatic Symptom Disorder?

Yes

Is there persistently high anxiety about symptoms in somatic symptom disorder?

Yes

_________ disorder includes one or more symptoms of altered motor or sensory function that is not consistent with any recognised medical conditions

conversion

The ____________ theory of somatic disorders argues that neural, endocrine, and immune systems integrate stress and pain

neuromatrix

_____________ partial shutdown - impaired relationship between patio-temporal and emotional memory components

Hippocampus

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