Distillation - PRACTICAL Flashcards
Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table (10 cards)
What is simple distillation used for?
Separating a liquid from a solution
It involves heating a solution to evaporate a component and then cooling it to collect the vapor.
What happens to the solution during simple distillation?
The solution is heated, and the part with the lowest boiling point evaporates first
This vapor rises through the apparatus.
What is the role of the thermometer in simple distillation?
To measure the temperature of the vapor
It helps determine when a specific liquid reaches its boiling point.
What occurs after vapor is cooled in simple distillation?
The vapor condenses back into a liquid and is collected
This process separates the desired liquid from the remaining solution.
What is left behind in the flask after simple distillation?
The rest of the solution
Typically, impurities or other solutes remain in the flask.
What is a limitation of simple distillation?
It can only separate liquids with very different boiling points
If the boiling point of another substance is reached, they can mix again.
What method is used to separate liquids with similar boiling points?
Fractional distillation
This method is more effective for separating mixtures with close boiling points.
In fractional distillation, what is the purpose of the fractionating column?
To allow different liquids to evaporate at different heights based on their boiling points
It is cooler towards the top, helping to condense higher boiling point liquids.
What happens when the temperature on the thermometer matches the boiling point of a liquid in fractional distillation?
The liquid evaporates and reaches the top of the column
This indicates that the specific liquid is being collected.
What should be done after the first liquid is collected in fractional distillation?
Raise the temperature until the next liquid reaches the top
This allows for the collection of subsequent liquids with higher boiling points.
