More Separation Techniques - PRACTICAL Flashcards
Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table (13 cards)
What is the purpose of filtration?
To separate an insoluble solid from a liquid reaction mixture
Filtration can also be used in purification processes.
What does it mean if a solid is described as soluble?
It means the solid can be dissolved in a liquid
Soluble solids can be separated from solutions using methods like evaporation and crystallization.
What are the two methods to separate soluble solids from solutions?
- Evaporation
- Crystallization
What is the first step in the evaporation process?
Pour the solution into an evaporating dish
You can use a water bath or an electric heater for gentle heating.
What happens during the evaporation process?
The solvent evaporates, concentrating the solution until dry crystals remain
This method is quick but only works if the salt doesn’t decompose when heated.
What is the initial step in the crystallization process?
Pour the solution into an evaporating dish and gently heat it
This step helps to concentrate the solution.
What indicates the point of crystallization?
The formation of crystals as the solution cools
This occurs because the salt becomes insoluble in the cold, concentrated solution.
What is rock salt composed of?
A mixture of salt and sand
Rock salt is commonly used on roads during winter for de-icing.
Why can salt and sand be separated using filtration?
Salt dissolves in water while sand does not
This difference in physical properties allows for effective separation.
What is the first step in separating a mixture of salt and sand?
Grind the mixture to make the salt crystals small
Smaller crystals dissolve more easily in water.
What happens when the mixture of salt and sand is stirred in water?
The salt dissolves while the sand remains undissolved
This allows for the subsequent filtration step.
What occurs during the filtration of a salt and sand mixture?
Sand collects on the filter paper while salt passes through as part of the solution
This separation is based on the solubility of salt.
What should be done after filtering the salt solution?
Evaporate the water to form dry salt crystals
Crystallization can also be used to create larger crystals.
