Divisions Of The Nervous System

Question 1

What are the three divisions of the NS

Answer 1

CNS
PNS
ENS

Question 2

What is nervous tissue made up from?

Answer 2

Neuron cells
Nerve fibres
Neuroglial cells

Question 3

What are glia cells

Answer 3

All the other cells in the nervous system

Question 4

What are the two types of glia cells

Answer 4

Macroglia cells
Microglia cells

Question 5

What is the function of the Microglia

Answer 5

Specialised macrophages in NS
Controls inflammation

Question 6

What are the seven types of macroglia

Answer 6

Astrocytes
Schwann cells
Ependymal cells
Astrocytes
Satellite cells
Radial glia
Enteric glia

Question 7

What do Astrocytes do?

Answer 7

Neuronal support
Repair damage
Controls local environment of CNS

Question 8

What do oligendendron cells do

Answer 8

Produce myelin sheath in the CNS

Question 9

What do Schwann cells do

Answer 9

Produce myelin sheath in the PNS

Question 10

What do satellite cells do

Answer 10

Control environment around neurons
Supports and protects neurons

Question 11

What is a radial glia

Answer 11

A progenitor cell so can differentiate into different types of. Ells

Question 12

What is white matter

Answer 12

Nervous tissue covered by myelin

Question 13

What is grey matter

Answer 13

Unmyelinated parts of the neuron

Question 14

What is a ganglia

Answer 14

Cell bodies that join together

Question 15

What 3 tracts in the brain are formed by white matter

Answer 15

Association fibres
Commissaral fibres
Protection fibres

Question 16

What do the association fibres do?

Answer 16

Connects different areas of the same cortex (part of the brain)

Question 17

What do commisural fibres do?

Answer 17

Connects identical areas of the two hemispheres

Question 18

What do projection fibres do

Answer 18

Comments the cerebral cortex to the subcortical structures like thalamus and spinal cord

Question 19

Where is the spinal cord more swollen and why

Answer 19

Cervical and lumbar parts of SC
More nerve bodies to supply to limb

Question 20

What does the white matter form in spinal cord

Answer 20

Dorsal column
Ventral column

Question 21

What are the dorsal columns

Answer 21

Ascending sesnsory tracts

Question 22

What are the ventral columns

Answer 22

Descending motor columns

Question 23

What does the grey matter form

Answer 23

Dorsal horn
Lateral horn
Ventral horn

Question 24

What forms the dorsal horn

Answer 24

Sesnsory neurons

Question 25

At what point on spinal cord can you see lateral horns

Answer 25

T1- L3

Question 26

What is the lateral horn formed from,?

Answer 26

Autonomic motor neurons

Question 27

What is the ventral horn formed from

Answer 27

Cell bodies of voluntary motor neurons

Question 28

What is the meninges

Answer 28

3 membranes that surround brain and spinal cord Dura Mater Arachnoid mater Pia mater

Question 29

What is the function of meninges

Answer 29

Structural iupport for brain Contain CSF

Question 30

How are the layers structured

Answer 30

Skull Dura mater Arachnoid mater Pia Brain

Question 31

Where is the CSF

Answer 31

In the subarachnoid space

Question 32

What are peripheral nerves in the head called

Answer 32

Cranial nn

Question 33

What are the peripheral nerves in body called

Answer 33

Spinal nn

Question 34

How many cervical nerves are there in dog

Answer 34

8

Question 35

How many thoracic nerves are there in dog

Answer 35

13

Question 36

How many lumbar nerves are there in dog

Answer 36

7

Question 37

How many caudal nerves are there in dog

Answer 37

5

Question 38

What is the structure of a spinal nerve like

Answer 38

Rami (closest to spinal cord) Trunk Roots (one dorsal and one ventral)

Question 39

How are cervical vertebrae numbered

Answer 39

Nerve is in front of the vertebrae C2 nerve is in front of C2 vertebrae

Question 40

How are thoracic vertebrae labelled

Answer 40

Nerve is behind the vertebrae

Question 41

Where does the spinal cord end in the dog

Answer 41

L6/7

Question 42

Where does the spinal cord end in the horse

Answer 42

S1

Question 43

Where does the spinal cord end in the ox

Answer 43

L7

Question 44

Where does the spinal cord end in the cat

Answer 44

S1

Question 45

What is a dermatome

Answer 45

Strip of body wall innervated by single spinal nerve

Question 46

What is propriocepriom

Answer 46

The ability to know where and how your body is oeientated in space

Question 47

Which root/ horn is afferent vs efferent

Answer 47

Afferent -> sensory Efferent -> motor

Question 48

What is the difference in efferent pathways between concious and unconscious

Answer 48

Concious it goes through the cerebrum via spinocerrebellar tracts Unconscious it goes through the somesthetic cortex via gracile tracts

Question 49

What are the 5 receptors in proprioceprion

Answer 49

Muscle spindles Golgi tendon organs Joint capsules Ligaments Skin