Dogfish 2

Question 1

shiny epithelium lining heart cavity

Answer 1

Parietal pericardium

Question 2

shiny epithelium covering heart

Answer 2

visceral pericardium

Question 3

tissue separating pleuroperitoneal and pericardial cavities

Answer 3

transverse septum

Question 4

chambers of heart

Answer 4

sinus venosus, atrium, ventricle, conus arteriosus

Question 5

receives blood from heart, specifically conus arteriosus

Answer 5

ventral aorta

Question 6

blood passes through these on its way to being oxygenated at gills (5 pairs)

Answer 6

afferent branchial arteries

Question 7

carries blood away from gills, 4 pairs, pass dorseromedially into dorsal aorta

Answer 7

efferent branchial arteries

Question 8

on roof of pharynx, supplies most of body with blood

Answer 8

dorsal aorta

Question 9

first major paired branches of dorsal aorta

Answer 9

subclavian artery

Question 10

arise from efferent branchial arteries, pass anteriorly and then join hyoidean artery

Answer 10

paired dorsal aortae

Question 11

branching off paired dorsal aorta just anterior to first efferent branchial artery

Answer 11

hyoidean artery

Question 12

internal carotid extends anteriorly and branches into this artery at level of spiracle, artery extends into chondrocranium

Answer 12

stapedial artery

Question 13

union of hyoidean and paired dorsal arteries forms

Answer 13

internal carotid artery

Question 14

first branch of dorsal aorta, continues posteriorly along right side of stomach

Answer 14

celiac artery

Question 15

anterior one of two arteries that arise close together at the level of the spleen

Answer 15

anterior mesenteric artery

Question 16

extension of anterior mesenteric artery onto intestine

Answer 16

posterior mesenteric artery

Question 17

final paired branches of dorsal aorta, at level of cloaca, pass posterolaterally dorsal to kidneys toward pelvic fins

Answer 17

iliac artery

Question 18

branches of iliac artery that separate before extending into pelvic fins

Answer 18

femoral artery

Question 19

large vein that lies along the anterior part of the bile duct, confluence of 3 main vessels

Answer 19

hepatic portal vein

Question 20

drains each side of the head and branchial region

Answer 20

anterior cardinal sinus

Question 21

each posterolateral corner of the sinus venosus leads through this short but large vessel which receives blood from many main vessels and takes blood back to heart

Answer 21

common cardinal vein

Question 22

lies dorsolateral to esophagus, large space bounded by a thin walled membrane, curves toward dorsal midline

Answer 22

posterior cardinal sinus

Question 23

narrowing of posterior cardinal sinus, lateral to dorsal aorta

Answer 23

posterior cardinal vein

Question 24

extends anteriorly along ventrolateral body wall

Answer 24

lateral abdominal vein

Question 25

passes anteriorly through hemal arches of vertebrae

Answer 25

caudal vein

Question 26

bifurcation of caudal vein

Answer 26

renal portal vein

Question 27

lateral outer portion of the eye modified so that it is transparent

Answer 27

cornea

Question 28

outer portion of eye that is not part of cornea

Answer 28

sclera

Question 29

pigmented structure visible through cornea

Answer 29

iris

Question 30

circular opening at centre of iris

Answer 30

pupil

Question 31

hard spherical structure inside eye ball

Answer 31

lens

Question 32

pigmented tissue that attaches to lens

Answer 32

cilliary body

Question 33

dark tissue internal to sclera

Answer 33

choroid

Question 34

light coloured layer internal to choroid

Answer 34

retina

Question 35

space housing eyeball

Answer 35

orbit

Question 36

nerve passing anteroposteriorly along dorsomedial wall of orbit

Answer 36

superficial ophthalmic nerve

Question 37

pass posterolaterally from anteromedial wall of orbit

Answer 37

dorsal and ventral oblique muscles

Question 38

radiate towards eyeball from posteromedial wall of orbit

Answer 38

dorsal, medial, lateral, and ventral rectus muscles

Question 39

provides support for eyeball

Answer 39

optic pedicle

Question 40

thin whitish strand passing anteroposteriorly through orbit and adhering to medial surface of eyeball

Answer 40

deep ophthalmic nerve

Question 41

thick, extending from medial wall of orbit laterally to eyeball

Answer 41

optic nerve

Question 42

ventral to ventral rectus muscle, thick nerve passing anteriorly, meets anteroventral orbital wall and subdivides

Answer 42

infraorbital nerve

Question 43

passes anteromedially across floor of orbit where infraorbital nerve subdivides

Answer 43

preorbitalis muscle

Question 44

just ventral to deep ophthalmic nerve, passes almost immediately ventrally around ventral rectus

Answer 44

oculomotor nerve

Question 45

nerve that passes to dorsal oblique muscle

Answer 45

trochlear nerve

Question 46

lies on posterior wall of orbit almost directly posterior to lateral rectus muscle extending laterally

Answer 46

mandibular nerve

Question 47

ducts of the ear

Answer 47

Anterior, posterior, and lateral semicircular ducts

Question 48

large triangular sac like structure extends between ducts

Answer 48

sacculus

Question 49

two cylindrical chambers closely associated with sacculus

Answer 49

anterior and posterior utriculi

Question 50

third nerve arising from anterior medulla just behind auricles of cerebellum, innervates ear

Answer 50

statoacoustic nerve

Question 51

extends dorsally from sacculus and reaches exterior of head through pores

Answer 51

endolymphatic duct

Question 52

thin strand like structure extending anteriorly from the epithalamus

Answer 52

epiphysis

Question 53

nerve arising from ventral surface of medulla passing anterolaterally to innervate lateral rectus muscle

Answer 53

abducens nerve

Question 54

first nerve arising from anterior medulla just behind auricles of cerebellum, divides into 4 nerves at orbit

Answer 54

trigeminal nerve

Question 55

arises posterior to statoacoustic nerve extending into first pharyngeal slit

Answer 55

glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 56

arises from fan like rootlets just posterior to glossopharyngeal nerve

Answer 56

vagus nerve

Question 57

extend laterally from spinal cord

Answer 57

spinal nerves

Question 58

most anterior part of brain, paired, narrow posteriorly

Answer 58

olfactory bulbs

Question 59

posterior to olfactory tracts

Answer 59

epithalamus

Question 60

side of epithalamus

Answer 60

thalamus

Question 61

floor of epithalamus

Answer 61

hypothalamus

Question 62

cavity in left cerebral hemisphere

Answer 62

third ventricle

Question 63

cavity in right cerebral hemisphere

Answer 63

lateral ventricle

Question 64

paired rounded structure posterior epithalamus

Answer 64

optic lobes

Question 65

partially overhangs optic lobes, looks like it has 4 lobes

Answer 65

cerebellum

Question 66

project on both sides of cerebellum

Answer 66

auricles

Question 67

posterior part of brain that narrows into the spinal cord

Answer 67

medulla oblongata

Question 68

cavity of medulla

Answer 68

fourth ventricle