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Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy > Cat > Flashcards

Cat Flashcards

1
Q

large bone that makes up posterodorsal part of brain case

A

parietal

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2
Q

on either side of the skull, dorsal to the posterior teeth, house eyeballs

A

orbits

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3
Q

cranial wall posterior to each orbit

A

temporal fossa

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4
Q

vantral margin of orbit and fossa

A

zygomatic arch

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5
Q

opening and passageway to inner/middle ear

A

external auditory meatus

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6
Q

hole in posterior surface of the skull through which spinal cord connects to brain

A

foramen magnum

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7
Q

flat region between teeth on ventral side of skull

A

hard palate

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8
Q

two openings of nasal passage in live cat

A

choanae

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9
Q

paired oval and convex regions on posteroventral side of skull

A

tympanic bulla

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10
Q

most anterior paired bones of the skull, form dorsal margins of naris

A

nasal

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11
Q

posterior to nasals, contribute to lateral and dorsal surfaces of skull, most of orbital walls

A

frontal

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12
Q

projects ventrally from each frontal to demarcate posterior region of orbit

A

postorbital process

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13
Q

large bones forming most of the dorsal and lateral parts of the cranium

A

parietal

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14
Q

small bone wedged between posterior ends of parietals

A

interparietal

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15
Q

converging point of temporal lines on posterior of parietal/interparietal

A

sagittal crest

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16
Q

bone that froms skull’s posterior surface

A

occipital

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17
Q

features of occipital bone that articulate with first vertebra

A

occipital condyles

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18
Q

on ventral cranium just posterior to tympanic bulla

A

jugular process

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19
Q

bones that form lateral and ventral margins of nasal aperture

A

premaxilla

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20
Q

larger bones that hold majority of teeth and form most of hard palate in ventral view

A

maxilla

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21
Q

snout, where maxilla, premaxilla, nasal, and frontal bones meet

A

rostrum

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22
Q

small bone on the anterior orbital wall

A

lacrimal

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23
Q

bones that complete the hard palate posteriorly

A

palatine

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24
Q

extension of palatine that extends posteriorly

A

pterygoid

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25
elongated, median, narrow bone lying between pterygoid blades
presphenoid
26
lateral extension of pre sphenoid that is exposed in ventral orbital wall
orbitosphenoid
27
posterior end of the palatine bones in almost centre of ventral surface
basisphenoid
28
lateral, winglike portion of sphenoid
alisphenoid
29
most anterior foramen, lies entirely within orbitosphenoid
optic canal
30
second foramen formed by orbitosphenoid and alisphenoid
orbital fissure
31
third foramen, in alisphenoid
foramen rotundum
32
fourth foramen, in alisphenoid
foramen ovale
33
extends anteriorly from pre sphenoid in nasal cavity
vomer
34
foramina piercing cribriform plate
cribriform foramina
35
squamous, petrous, and tympanic fused together
temporal
36
large flat bones ventral to the parietals that help to complete the lateral wall of the braincase
squamosal
37
petrous portion of temporal, contains inner ear, may be seen through external auditory meatus
petrosal
38
tiny bones of middle ear
malleus, incus, stapes
39
single bone that forms each side of mandible
dentary
40
largest process of mandible, point of insertion for temporal muscle
coronoid process
41
forms lower half of temporomandibular joint, bears facet for articulation with mandibular fossa of temporal bone
condyloid process
42
projection of posteroventral part of the dentary
angular process
43
teeth of the dentary bone
incisor, canine, premolar, molar, carnassial
44
first vertebra
atlas
45
second vertebra
axis
46
first 7 vertebrae
cervical
47
13 vertebrae after cervical, characterized by articulation with ribs
thoracic
48
7 vertebrae after thoracic, characterized by large size that increases posteriorly
lumbar
49
three vertebrae that are fused together forming the sacrum, links spine to pelvic girdle
sacral
50
21-23 of the smallest vertebrae
caudal
51
opening on either side of each vertebra allowing passage of spinal nerve
intervertebral foramen
52
anteroventral portion of vertebra
centrum
53
hole through which spinal cord passes
neural canal
54
dorsal projection from each vertebra
neural process
55
projects a pedicle on either side of the centrum
transverse process
56
forms strong but flexible cage that protects vital organs
rib
57
prominent ridge on lateral side of scapula
scapular spine
58
ventral endpoint of scapular spine
acromion
59
posterior projection of scapular spine dorsal to acromion
metacromion
60
smooth concave surface at apex of scapula for articulation with humerus
glenoid fossa
61
larger smooth surface on lateral scapula
supraspinous fossa
62
smaller smooth surface on lateral scapula
infraspinous fossa
63
medial surface of scapula
subscapular fossa
64
small, slender nones suspended in musculature associated with forelimb, lying just anterior to proximal end of humerus
clavicle
65
proximal bone of the forelimb
humerus
66
shorter bone of forearm that widens distally
radius
67
longer bone of forearm that tapers distally
ulna
68
distal forelimb, carpus, metacarpus, and phalanges
manus
69
paired innominate bones that articulate with each other ventrally and with the sacrum dorsally
pelvis
70
bone of proximal part of hindlimb
femur
71
small tear shaped sesamoid bone
patella
72
slender, lateral, shorter bone of middle hindlimb
fibia
73
larger and medial bone of the middle segment of the hind limb
tibia
74
tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges
pes
75
brow and upper cheek, guarding eyes
palpebrae
76
third eyelid, lies on medial part of eye
nictitating membrane
77
external openings of nose
nares
78
region of skin surrounding nares
rhinarium
79
whiskers
vibrissae
80
proximal forelimb, humerus
brachium
81
medial forelimb, radius and ulna
antebrachium
82
medial hindlimb, fibia and tibia
crus
83
female opening of urinary and reproductive tracts
urogenital aperture
84
wide muscle that originates from the lateral region of the fascia and pass anteroventrally, pulls humerus postdorsally
latissimus dorsi
85
most posterior trapezius muscle, draws scapula posterodorsally
spinotrapezius
86
insertion at scapular spine toward mid dorsal line, pulls scapula toward mid dorsal line
acromiotrapezius
87
most anterior trapezius muscle, covers most of neck laterally and pulls scapula anterodorsally, inserts partially on clavicle and partially on clavobrachialis
clavotrapezius
88
anterior to clavotrapezius, extends from mastoid process of the skull, inserts on sternum
sternomastoid
89
small, anterior, to acromiotrapezius/spinodeltoid, flexor and lateral rotator of humerus
acromiodeltoid
90
lies dorsal to acromiodeltoid, passes deep into margin of clavotrapezius
levator scapulae ventralis
91
extends anterolaterally from scapular spine arising at insertion of acromiotrapezius
spinodeltoid
92
covers the brachium posteriorly and laterally and extend into spinodeltoid
long head/lateral head of triceps brachia
93
muscle underneath latissimus dorsi covering posteroventral side
external oblique
94
continuation of clavotrapezius for insertion at ulna
clavobrachialis
95
lies dorsal to pectoantebrachialis, extends laterally at the anterior portion and obliquely at the posterior portion where it extends anterolaterally from the midline
pectoralis major
96
lies dorsoposteriorly along pectoralis minor and attaches to xiphisternum and xiphoid cartilage
xiphihumeralis
97
the most superficial of the forelimb muscles in ventral view, partially covers pectoralis major
pectoantebrachialis
98
a thin muscle covering the surface of the brachium and extends it, lies ventrally to triceps brachii
epitrochlearis
99
posterior to xiphihumeralis, underneath the layer of external oblique
internal oblique
100
posterior to xiphihumeralis, underneath the layers of external oblique, internal oblique, and rectus abdominus, fibres run in opposite direction
transversus abdominus
101
posterior to xiphihumeralis, underneath the layers of external oblique and internal oblique
rectus abdominus

Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy (18 decks)

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