Dogfish Flashcards
(115 cards)
1
Q
projects anteriorly, protects pre cerebral cavity
A
rostrum
2
Q
lateral to base of rostrum
A
nasal capsule
3
Q
paired openings on surface of nasal capsules
A
nares
4
Q
dorsal support for eyes
A
ant orbital process, supraorbital crest, postorbital process
5
Q
supports eyeball, rooted to anterior trigeminal foramen
A
optic pedicle
6
Q
largest opening in medial orbit wall
A
optic foramen
7
Q
posteroventral eye support
A
basitrabecular process
8
Q
several openings in orbital crest
A
superficial ophthalmic foramina
9
Q
house inner ears
A
otic capsule
10
Q
wide, flat, ventral part of otic capsules
A
basal plate
11
Q
large medial opening in occipital region
A
foramen magnum
12
Q
on either side of foramen magnum, articulate with first vertebra
A
occipital condyle
13
Q
the most anterior arches, highly modified for jaw articulation
A
mandibular arch, hyoid arch
14
Q
support interbranchial septa, lie between pharyngeal slits
A
branchial arches
15
Q
upper jaw, articulates with chondrocranium, has two dorsal projections
A
palatoquadrate cartilage
16
Q
anterior dorsal projection of palatoquadrate cartilage
A
orbital process
17
Q
posterior dorsal projection of palatoquadrate cartilage
A
adductor mandibulae process
18
Q
lower jaw
A
Meckel’s cartilage
19
Q
dorsal segment of hyoid arch
A
hyomandibular
20
Q
articulates ventrally with hyomandibular
A
ceratohyal
21
Q
articulates ventrally with ceratohyals
A
basihyal
22
Q
the pharyngeal slits in dorsal to ventral order
A
pharyngobranchial, epibranchial, ceratobranchial
23
Q
ventral completion of branchial arches
A
hypobranchial, basibranchial
24
Q
inward projections of branchial arches
A
gill raker
25
thin, outward projections of branchial arches
gill ray
26
large, proximal base of fin (not caudal)
basal pterygiophore
27
series more distally from basal pterygiophore
radial pterygiophores
28
fibrous dermal rays
ceratotrichia
29
anchored anteriorly to basal pterygiophores
fin spine
30
ventral part of pectoral girdle
coracoid bar
31
dorsal portion (past fins) of pectoral girdle
scapular process
32
dorsal pectoral girdle
suprascapular cartilage
33
area of pectoral girdle that associates with fin
glenoid surface
34
single element of pelvic girdle
puboischiadic bar
35
area of articulation with pelvic fin
acetabular surface
36
projection of male pelvic fin associated with reproduction
clasper
37
hourglass shaped vertebral column, houses notochord
centrum
38
forms neural canal
neural arch
39
tips of neural plates that form a low ridge
neural spine
40
side projections coming off of centrum
basopophysis
41
projections of basopophysis
rib
42
plate of cartilage formed on ventral side of centrum
hemal arch
43
space for dorsal artery and ventral vein
hemal canal
44
blind-ended chamber opened through the nares
olfactory sac
45
lies on either side of the mouth
labial pocket
46
flap separating labial pocket and mouth
labial fold
47
large opening into pharynx posterior to each eye
spiracle
48
fold of tissue on anterior wall of spiracle
spiracular valve
49
reduced gill on posterior surface of spiracular valve
pseudobranch
50
separations between external pharyngeal slits
interbranchial septa
51
structures injected with red latex that make up the gills
gill lamellae
52
chamber into which the urinary, digestive, and reproductive tracts exit
cloaca
53
cone-like structure lying in male cloaca at the tip of which open the urinary and genital ducts
urogenital papilla
54
cone-like structure in female cloaca at the tip of which opens the urinary duct
urinary papilla
55
opening anterior to papilla, exit of digestive tract
anus
56
lie to either posterolateral side of the cloaca
abdominal pores
57
pale line just dorsal to mid lateral plane
lateral line
58
lie dorsally on head between spiracles, openings from balancing apparatus located in otic capsule of chondocranium
endolymphatic pores
59
numerous pores all over head, when squeezed secrete gel-like substance, used for electroreception
ampullae of lorenzini
60
dorsal musculature
Epaxial mm.
61
ventral musculature
hypaxial mm.
62
connective tissue sheet dividing hypaxial and epaxial mm.
horizontal skeletogenous septum
63
connective tissue dividing left and right myomeres midventrally
linea alba
64
lies on dorsal surface of pectoral fin
pectoral abductor m.
65
lies on ventral surface of pectoral fin
pectoral adductor m.
66
musculature of anterior wall of spiracular valve
spiracularis m.
67
muscle anterior to spiracularis
levator palaquadrati m.
68
muscle that lies posterior to spiracle extending from otic capsule to hyomandibular, raises hyomandibular during jaw closing
levator hyomandibulae m.
69
just posterior to angle of mouth, extends between upper and lower jaws, closes the mouth
adductor mandibulae m.
70
lie between adductor mandibular m. and first pharyngeal slit
dorsal and ventral hyoid constrictor mm.
71
muscles beween pharyngeal slits
dorsal and ventral superficial branchial constrictor mm.
72
triangular muscle, lies dorsal to constrictors
cucullaris m.
73
lies dorsal to cucullaris m.
epibranchial mm.
74
lies between halves of Meckel's cartilages, composed of left and right halves that fan outward
intermandibularis m.
75
extends between cartilages of ceratohyals, adheres tightly to intermandibularis
interhyoideus m.
76
septum between post and pretrematic gill lamellae, has curved fibres, lies lateral to superficial constrictor muscles
interbranchial m.
77
pre hyoid group of hypobranchial musculature, long, mid ventral, cylindrical muscle exposed on reflection of interhyoideus and intermandibularis
coracomandibular m.
78
deep to coracomandibular, post hyoid group of hypobranchials, elongated and paired
coracohyoid m.
79
continuous from posterior end of coracohyoid, lie medially between ventral superficial constrictors and anterior to hypaxial mm.
coracoarcual m.
80
a series of five muscles that fan out from the coracoid bar, coracoarcuals and was of pericardial cavity to cerato- and basibranchial cartilages
coracobranchial m.
81
floor of oral cavity
primary tongue
82
posterior body cavity
Pleuroperitoneal cavity
83
division between pericardial and pleuroperitoneal cavities, lies near pectoral girdle
transverse septum
84
epithelium that lines the body cavity
parietal paritoneum
85
epithelium covering organs
visceral peritoneum
86
occupies most of anterior pleuroperitoneal cavity, has right, left, and median lobes
liver
87
extends along the right margin of the medial lobe of the liver
gall bladder
88
dorsal to the liver, extending anteriorly
esophagus
89
finger-like projections of esophagus
papillae
90
main part of the stomach
body
91
smaller, narrower, posterior part of the stomach which marks separation between stomach and intestine
pylorus
92
portion of stomach just posterior to esophagus, bears longitudinal ridges
rugae
93
adheres to and almost completely hides the ventral surface of the duodenum
pancreas
94
the anterior segment of the intestine
duodenum
95
segment of intestine bearing spiral valve
valvular intestine
96
internal subdivision of valvular intestine, increasing its effective length
spiral valve
97
narrow segment of intestine extending posteriorly from valvular segment
colon
98
salt excreting gland close to the colon
digitiform gland
99
two narrow strips extending along mid sagittal plane of the dorsal wall of the cavity
kidneys
100
mesentery extending to the esophagus and stomach
mesogaster
101
ribbon-like strand extending from the liver toward the gut
lesser omentum
102
extends between the anteroventral surface of the liver and mid ventral body wall, supports oviduct
falciform ligament
103
lesser omentum as a single bundle next to the liver
bile duct
104
male gonads, lie dorsal to the liver
testis
105
anterior part of the kidney
epididymis
106
transports sperm posteriorly for eventual release from the body
archinephric duct
107
transports urine from posterior kidney, extends along medial margin of kidney
accessory urinary duct
108
straight and expanded region of archinephric duct
seminal vesicle
109
small, anteriorly blind ending pouch that lies on ventral surface of seminal vesicle
sperm sac
110
lies just deep into the skin on the ventral surface of the pelvic fin, sac-like
siphon
111
used for the passage of urine and sperm
urogenital papilla
112
female gonads, lie dorsal to the liver
ovary
113
lies on the ventral surface of each kidney
oviduct
114
anterior oviduct swelling dorsal to the ovary
nidamental gland
115
posterior enlargement of oviduct
uterus
