DROS AND DROD Flashcards
(19 cards)
Behaviourists approach description points
All behaviour is learnt from environment Tabula rasa
Use animals in observation labs and belive animals and humans learn in same way
Classical conditioning description
Operant conditioning desrcription
Biological approach description points
Uses scientific equipment and scanning techniques to explain behaviour
Seeks methods to veiw activity in the brain like MRI and PET scans
Studies twins and concordance rate 87 72 60 47
Social learning theory description points
Says children learning by observing and imitating role models- live and symbolic
Identitfication if a child relate to the role models
Vicarious reinforcement
Meditational processes
Weakness Deterministic for behaviourist approach
Stated behaviour is learnt from environment
It’s a weakness meaning if we can’t control our behaviour it makes excuses for criminals
Real life strength for behaviourist
Created a token system in prisons (positive reinforcement)
Shows it can be applied in the real world
Scientific strength for behaviourist
Done in a lab so it is highly controlled
Scientific and reliability increases
States psychology as a science
Deterministic strength of slt
Less deterministic then behaviourists approach
Children choose weather to imitate behaviour
If they see a role model acting aggressively they are more likley to act aggressive if they are motivated with a reward
Strength for real world applications for slt
Used to explain how children develops aggressive behaviour, modled by the same sex role models
Parents can stop there children from being aggressive by stopping them being exposed to role models in the media
Weakness over simplified for slt
Argues behaviour is learnt vicariously
Shows boys were more aggressive
Doesn’t show testosterone explanations
Difficulties measuring cognitive factors weakness for slt
Discovered a cognitive between stimulus and response
Cannot measure true extent of their influence as mediational processes have to be inferred
Deterministic weakness of biological approach
Retz et al found a gene which controls levels of seritonin in the synapse which is associated with violent behaviour in male criminals
This creates implications in the legal system
Strengths of real world for biological
Led to treat psychological disorders
Research into biochemical processes has led to drug treatments to cure depression and schizophrenia
Means suffered can live a normals life
Over simplified weakness of biological (what can behaviour be and why, what does it show and what does it fail to do)
Behaviour can be a hereditary difference in agressive between sexes as it may be testosterone as there are higher levels in males
Shows aggression is from vicarious learning in role models and fails to acknowledge complexity of human behaviour
Scientific strength of biological (what did they use who used them and to discover what, what did they find and what does it give)
Uses a highly controlled methods and scanning techniques
Raine et Al used PET scans to compare brain activity in murders and normal people
Found agressive behaviour in the prefrontal cortex
This gives psychology credibility of being a science
Cognitive approach description points
Study input process output
Say mind it like computer and make inferences of how mental processes work
Ai imitates the human mind
Schemas are used at shortcuts and predictions
Use pet and fmri scans to understand how areas of the brain r linked
Use lab experiments - link to Johnson and Scott
Deterministic for cognitive approach
Strength
It has a soft deterministic view meaning we are able to make rational choices about how to behave instead of being influenced by genes or environment
It is a middle ground position instead of hard determinism
Real world application for cognitive
Strength As it’s been widely used to help through the application of schemas
Helped our understanding of through negative schemas which can lead to depression
It’s helped to increase mental well-being
Oversimplified for cognitive
Weakness
Oversimplifies human behaviour by comparing it to a computer and it over relies on computer models
Ignored the influences of human emotion and motivation
Humans may be effected by emotion such as anxiety in eye witness testimony but it doesn’t take into account
Difficulties measuring cognitive factors for cognitive approach
Weakness
Argues mental processes are involved in human behaviour however we can’t see them
Relies too much on making inferences and that it is too abstract using artificial stimuli such as memory test with word lists
Cognitive processes have to be inferred so we cannot measure the true extent of their influence
