Memory Flashcards
(73 cards)
Short term memory
Remembers words acoustically
Struggle to remember if words sound the same
Long term memory
Permanent memory store
Remembers words semantically
If words mean the same it struggles to remember
What is Coding
The format in which information is stored in the various memory stores
Sensory register
Modality specific
Unprocessed information from the 5 senses
Echoic-hear
Iconic-see
Tactile-touch
Olfactory-smell
Gustatory-taste
Capacity of STM
5-9 items
Duration of STM
18-30 seconds
Capacity of LTM
Very large
Duration of LTM
Lifetime
Capacity of SR
Very large
Duration of SR
Less then half a second
Jacob’s
Digit span
Told p to read out 4 digit out loud and if correct read out 5 fidgets and so on to determine an Individuals didgit span
Wagenaar
Wrote down 2400 events over 6 years in his life and had to recall them with extreme detail and forgot no events which determines the LTM capacity is very large
Miller
Chunking to help remember things in the stm
Peterson and Peterson
24 student in 8 trial give them a consonant syllable to remeber and a 3 digit number to count from backwards until told to stop to prevent mental rehersal
As time increased ps struggled to remember
Suggesting the stm has a short duration
Bahrick at Al
392 ps and tested the LTM using photo recognition from a year book and the ps had to name as many people as possible with the book then with out the book
Bahrick at Al- photo recognition percentages
90% accurate after 15 years
70% accurate after 48 years
Bahrick at Al- free recall percentages
60% after 15 years
70% after 48 years
Jacobs- average span
9.3 numbers
7.3 letters
Primacy effect
Better recap in beginning of list due to maintenance rehersal
Regency effect
Better recap of words at the end of the list due to words still in stm
Who created multi-storey model of memory
Atkinson and shiffrin
Elaborative rehersal
Linking new information to knowledge in the LTM to transfer it without the STM
Empirical
Highly scientific
Clearly measurable and observed
Episodic memory
Dct
Personal events
Declarative- easy to explain
Conscious- requires active recall and thought
Time stamped- can remeber when memory happend