Flashcards in Drugs Deck (93)
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1
Name 3 drugs that can be used to sedate delirious patients
Haloperidol, lorazepam, olanzapine
2
Name a hormone or small molecule drug used to treat chronic myeloid leukaemia
Imatinib
3
Name a selective oestrogen receptor modulator (SERM) used in breast cancer treatment
Tamoxifen
4
When is ovarian ablation used?
As a systemic hormone therapy in premenopausal breast cancer patients
5
Name 2 non-steroidal aromatase inhibitors used in breast cancer
Anastrozole, letrozole
6
Name a steroidal aromatase inhibitor used in breast cancer
Exemestane
7
Name an oestrogen antagonist used in breast cancer
Fulvestrant
8
Name 2 biological therapies used in breast cancer that bind to Her-2 receptors
Trastuzumab, lapatinib
9
What therapies might be used alongside an oestrogen antagonist in breast cancer?
Bisphosphonates, denosumab (binds to RANK-L to decrease survival of osteoclasts)
10
Name an intercalating chemotherapy drug the inserts into dsDNA
Doxorubicin
11
Name a drug used in immunotherapy for cancer that 'cuts the breaks' and enhances the T cell response
Iplimumab
12
What does implimumab do?
Immunotherapy for cancer. Enhances T cell response to cancer
13
What is denosumab?
A therapy that binds to RANK-L receptors in bone and decreases survival of osteoclasts. Decreases bone resorption
14
What is exemestane?
A steroidal aromatase inhibitor used in the treatment of breast cancer
15
What is anastrozole?
A non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor used in the treatment of breast cancer
16
Treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis
Resuscitation (0.9% IV saline)
Insulin (0.1units/kg/hr IV)
Potassium (20mmol/l IV)
17
What is metformin?
A biguanide oral diabetic medication that lowers glucose output from liver and increases uptake into skeletal muscle and adipocytes
18
What is the 1st line drug in type 2 diabetes?
Metformin, orally, 2-3 times per day with food
19
Name 3 sulphonylureas
Gliclazide, glipizide, glibenclamide
20
What is gliclazide?
A sulphonylurea drug for diabetes
Binds to K+ channels and closes them, Ca2+ enters and insulin leaves pancreatic cells
21
SE of sulphonylureas?
Hypoglycaemia, weight gain
22
Name a thiazolidenodione
Pioglitazone
23
What is pioglitazone?
A thiazolidenodione diabetic drug
24
Action of thiazolidenodiones?
Increased transcription of insulin sensitive genes in adipocytes, increased glucose uptake and use, increased lipogenesis
25
Name 2 DPP4-inhibitors
Sitagliptin, saxagliptin
26
What is sitagliptin?
A DPP4-inhibitor
27
Action of DPP-4 inhibitors?
Stops GLP-1 degredation, increased insulin and decreased glucagon and glucose
Glucose dependent action, weight loss
28
Name a GLP-1 analogue
Exenatide
29
What is exenatide?
A GLP-1 analogue
30
