drugs for schizophrenia and degenerative diseases of the CNS

Question 1

what is both an excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitter

Answer 1

dopamine

Question 2

what is the precursor of NE

Answer 2

dopamine

Question 3

mesolimbic tract

Answer 3

VTA back of brain to limbic system

Question 4

back of brain to limbic system

Answer 4

this is the mesolimbic tract

Question 5

mesocortical tract

Answer 5

back of the brain to the prefrontal cortex

Question 6

back of the brain to the prefrontal cortex

Answer 6

mesocrotical tract

Question 7

what tract causes negative symptoms like schizophrenia

Answer 7

the mesocortical tract

Question 8

the mesocortical tract is linked to what neurological disorder

Answer 8

schizophrenia

Question 9

d1 like dopamine receptors are associated with what

Answer 9

protien associated

Question 10

d1, d5-gs are what

Answer 10

protien associated dopamine receptors

Question 11

d2 receptors

Answer 11

d2, d3, d4, gi

Question 12

what are d1 and d2 like dopamine receptors involved in

Answer 12

involved in motor control, reward and motivation

Question 13

what is increased dopamergic activity associated with?

Answer 13

psychosis

Question 14

psychosis is associated with what

Answer 14

increased dopaminergic activity

Question 15

what is a decrease in dopaminergic activity associated with

Answer 15

parkinsons, neurodegenerative diseases

Question 16

what are neurodegenerative diseases like parkinsons associted with?

Answer 16

decrease in dopaminergic activity

Question 17

positive symptoms of schizophrenia (4)

Answer 17

delusions
disorganize behaviour
agitiation
disorganized speech and thinking

Question 18

negative symptoms of schizophrenia

Answer 18

anhedonia, lack of motivation, blunted affect

Question 19

what drugs can induce psychotic symptoms

Answer 19

dopamine agonists because an increase in dopaminergic activity is associated with psychosis

Question 20

dopamine antagonists have what kind of activity

Answer 20

anti-psychotic activity

Question 21

neuroleptic drugs are what king of drugs, what kind of dopamine antagonists

Answer 21

antipsychotic drugs, all dopamine d2 antagonists

Question 22

typical and atypical neuroleptics

Answer 22

work to bind to the dopamine receptor, causing and reducing positive symtpoms, antienemic as well

Question 23

work to bind to the dopamine receptor, causing and reducing positive symptoms, antienemic as well

Answer 23

typical and atypical

Question 24

atypical neuroleptics bidn to what and reduce what symptoms of schizophrenia

Answer 24

bind to the 5ht receptor, reducing negative symptoms

Question 25

what bind to the 5ht receptor reducing negative symptoms

Answer 25

atypical neuroleptics

Question 26

what is considered the first line therapy for schizophrenia

Answer 26

atypical antipsychotic drugs

Question 27

what causes a blockade of d2-like receptors reducing hallucinations and delusions (positive symptoms)

Answer 27

atypical antipsychotics

Question 28

what causes a blockade of serotoninergic 5ht2a and a2 adrenergic receptors and stimulation of 5ht1a receptors relieving negative symptoms

Answer 28

atypical antipsychotics

Question 29

what are some adverse effects of atypical antipsychotics

Answer 29

fewer eps symptoms

Question 30

adverse effects of typical antipsychotics

Answer 30

extrapyramidal effects - acute dystonica, pseudo-parkinsonism, akathisia, tardive dyskinesia

Question 31

extrapyramidal effects - acute dystonica, pseudo-parkinsonism, akathisia, tardive dyskinesia are adverse effects of what

Answer 31

typical antipsychotic drugs

Question 32

what should clients avoid when taking typical or atypical antipsychotics

Answer 32

CNS depressants such as alcohol, antihistamines, sedative hypnotics, or opiod analgesics

Question 33

CNS depressants such as alcohol, antihistamines, sedative hypnotics, or opiod analgesics - should all be avoided when

Answer 33

when someone is prescribed atypical or typical antipsychotics

Question 34

parkinsons disease

Answer 34

neurodegenerative disorder affecting individuals >50

Question 35

what is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the nigrostriatial pathway

Answer 35

parkinsons

Question 36

what can improve symptoms of parkinsons

Answer 36

dopamine agonists, and acetylcholine antagonists

Question 37

dopamine agonists and acetylcholine antagonists can improve symptoms of what

Answer 37

parkinsons

Question 38

dopaminergic drugs

Answer 38

dopamine agonists

Question 39

how do muscarinic cholinergic antagonists help parkinsons symptoms

Answer 39

they bind to acetylcholine - which regulates movement, to stop symptoms such as tremors

Question 40

what do dopamine agonists bind to

Answer 40

MAOIs and COMT inhibitors

Question 41

what do anticholinergic drugs bind to

Answer 41

muscarinic cholinergic receptors in the CNS

Question 42

what is the most effective treatment for parkinsons

Answer 42

dopamine agonists

Question 43

dementia

Answer 43

neurodegenerative disorder - progressive memory loss, confusion, inability to think or communicate effectively

Question 44

neurodegenerative disorder - progressive memory loss, confusion, inability to think or communicate effectively

Answer 44

dementia

Question 45

alzheimers

Answer 45

progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting individuals >65

Question 46

impaired memory, confusion, inability to recognize family and friends, aggressive behaviour, depression, psychosis, anziety

Answer 46

symptoms of alzhimers

Question 47

acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

Answer 47

improve daily activities, behaviour and cognition since they work to increase the acetylcholine which plays a big role in alzheimers