Eliz For Pol

Question 1

Prot ref in Scot

Answer 1

Started 1559 led by Knox
1559 Fr troops sent to Scot but resisted by Prots
Prot lords req help but eliz was reluctant, Cecil put pressure on eliz, even threatened to resign
1560 T of Berwick- agreed sup for Scotland
Eng soldiers def at Leith
MoG died + storms wrecked Fr fleet
1560 T of Edinburgh- Fr + Eng both agree to withdraw. MQS to give up eng coat of arms… she didnt agree
Auld alliance = gone

Question 2

When was Moray assassinated

Answer 2

1570
Eliz sent troops to help K Lords (1572)
1573 Kings Lords back in control Morton = regent.

Question 3

When and why did the relationship w/ Scotland change

Answer 3

1579 when Esme Stuart arrives in Scot, infl J5
1581 ES got Morrison exec for role in Darnley’s murder
1583 Scot involved in Guise plot ICC- plan to invade eng w/ 20,000 to put MQS on throne
1583 Prot Lords overthrow Esme Stuart b4 plot gets going, kicked out of Scot

Question 4

T of Berwick

Answer 4

1586 signed w/ J6- defensive alliance- won’t sup MQS as long as nothing is done to jeopardise his claim to eng throne
1587 MQS executed J6 did not react in defence of his mother

Question 5

Religious toleration in France

Answer 5

1560 issued by Cath de Medici
1561 Guise left court bc v unhappy… massacre of basset, murdered/ burnt loads of prots
Started relig war… eliz agreed to intervene… wanted to swap Le Havre for Calais which annoyed Fr T of Hampton court 1562
T of Troyes 1564- Eng retreat, lost Calais permanently

Question 6

T of Blois

Answer 6

1572 Eliz to marry Francis D of Alencon aka ‘Froggie’… defensive league against Sp- negative reliance brought together by fear of Sp
Renewed 1574 w/ H3

Question 7

1572 (France)

Answer 7

Cologne (C9 father figure) Plans to go to Neths to help with/ prot army… eliz v worried doesn’t want fr in neths any more than Sp… guise worried plan to murder cologne turns into 1572 Massacre of St Bartholemew’s eve

Question 8

When did the french civil war start

Answer 8

1574
C9= dead
H3= new king

Question 9

T of Plessis Les Tours + Anjou in Neths

Answer 9

1580
Dutch offer Anjou Sov- eliz has to control even more
1581 Eliz gives ANjou £60,000 to intervene in Neth
1583 Anjou messed everything up in neths, fed up w/ restrictions placed on him so coup ag gov…. Dutch kicked him out
Froggy died 1584

Question 10

T of Joinville

Answer 10

1584
Fr + Sp finally ICC

Question 11

War of 3 Henry’s

Answer 11

1589 H3 assassinated, H of Navarre next in line- war of suc conts…. P2 tried to push daughters claim
Eng volunteer to help H of Navarre
1598 P of Vervins= H4= K ‘Paris is worth a mass’ became cath

Question 12

Trade embargo w/ Sp

Answer 12

P control of 17 indep neths provinces
1563 Dutch merchants resent high tariff eng are imposing
Granvelle initiates a trade war w/ eliz
Led to eng merchants to look for alternate markets (Hamburg) 3/4 of engs trading through Antwerp

Question 13

Iconoclastic fury

Answer 13

1566
P= burning prots… prots then attack cath churches

Question 14

Alva in Neths

Answer 14

1567 arrived in Neths w/ a huge span army to crush Dutch Reb… ends up being 100k men
1568 MQA in Eng- fear Alva might invade from neths to back her
1569 revolt of n’ern earls- planned to get Alva to invade

Question 15

Issues in 1568 w/ Spain

Answer 15

San Juan de Ulloa. John Hawkins fleet destroyed in Mexico
1568 the Bullion affair… rel w/ sp

Question 16

The Sea Beggars

Answer 16

1572 Dutch pirates who harassed Sp shipping had been using eng ports, eliz evicted them… went back to Holland and sparked major rebellion

Question 17

1572-73 w/ Sp

Answer 17

T of Blois annoyed sp
1572 St Bartholomew’s day massacre of Huguenots
1573 T of Nymegen- trade deal w/ Alva

Question 18

1574- 80 indirect action

Answer 18

Allowed privateers to attack sp shipping in channel, but declare ignorance as they are pirates e.g through Drake and circumnavigation
1576 ‘Sp Fury’ sack of Antwerp- as soldiers aren’t being payed
1576 pacification of Ghent- all 17 provinces want sp out
1578- P2 beat Dutch at B of Gembloux- eliz needs to help but doesn’t want to commit as means war… sends in German mercaneries… achieves nothing but annoy p2

Question 19

1580-85 why did war come closer?

Answer 19

1579 D of Parma makes sig gains + s’ern Neths make peace
1580- p = king of Portugal now 2 fleets
1580- papal pronouncement okay to assassinate eliz
1583 Throckmorton plot, MQS- ICC
1584 Parry Plot
1584 Mendoza, sp amb, expelled for his role in the Throckmortion plot
1585 T of Joinville… eng + Dutch
Leicester I’m neths 85-87… did not work… eliz neg w/ Parma behind hid bacl

Question 20

Armada 1588

Answer 20

1587 Drake attacked Cadiz ‘singeing of the K of Sp beard’
May 1588 Armada sets sail- plan = go to Dunkirk, meet Parma’s army
Sp = 130 ships, 8000 sailors + Parma’s 20-30k
C shaped formation… v strong cannot be broken
Eng used fire ships… caused confusion from Sp.. cut their anchors, no longer in formation
B of Gravelines 29th July 1588 Eng won

Question 21

For pol 1589-1603

Answer 21

1589-96 HoN fighting in Fr to become K… out of span Reb if he losses. Eliz sent 20k men, £300k
W of O’s son now leader of Dutch rev against sp.. spent £750k
1589 Portuguese expedition = unsuccessful, Drake aimed to destroy remains of Armada + capture treasure… 1100 eng dead
1591 P building new Armada
1596 Cadiz exped- Essex set fire to ships in Cadiz and destroyed 4 ships
1596 and 97 Sp sent further Armadas but these were wrecked in storms before they became a threat to eng
War w/ sp was v expensive.. some offset from privateers + selling of monopolies
Incr engs reputations