Mary Dom Pol/ Gov/ Soc

Question 1

What did 1554 parl reject?
What did the 1555 parl reject?

Answer 1

A bill that would have included Philip along with/ Mary on a new law on treason
P’s coronation as King + the seizure of prot exiles land

Question 2

Long term causes of social distress

Answer 2

Population growth combined with/ limited increase in productivity (partic in agriculture) caused inflation

Question 3

Medium term causes of social distress

Answer 3

Effect of debasement of coinage made inflation worse

Question 4

Short term causes of social unrest

Answer 4

Harvest failures in 1555 and 56 lead to severe food shortages, strain on real wages for the poor
Impact of sweating sickness (influenza) 1557 and 1558
High taxation to pay for war against France

Question 5

What was encouragement given to?

Answer 5

The conversion of pasture land to crop farming
To keep industries in towns not countryside to reduce urban population

Question 6

Financial plans Mary

Answer 6

1556-58 re-coinage plans were drawn up (not carried out until eliz was queen)
1555 poor law act extended the act of 1552… beggars had to wear a badge, intended to encourage parishioners into donating more for alms relief

Question 7

Marriage

Answer 7

w/out consultation w/ Privy council Mary chose to go ahead w/ Sp marriage
P found eng unwelcoming… unimpressed w/ new wife… no children

Question 8

Succession mary

Answer 8

1544 succession confirmed by H8 will had prov that Mary will be succeeded by Eliz… mary hated eliz believed she was the reason for her parents div… believed eliz was illegitimate
she was prot and likely to restore it… after Wyatt’s reb sent to tower… no proof so released
Mary named eliz as her succcessor on 6th Nov 1558, 11 days b4 she died

Question 9

system of gov Mary

Answer 9

selected a large group of privy councillors incl cath nobles and churchmen, such as Bishop Gardiner became LC until his death in 1555
called on mods from Ed’s reign for ex William Paget… brought ab factional rivalry but prov Mary w/ experienced offs
q incr ignored officials, turned to Sp ambassador Simon Renard

Question 10

who did Mary rely on in gov

Answer 10

Renard until her marriage to Philip, practically directed English affairs
Also relied on cardinal pole… arrived in Eng 1554, became A of Canterbury 1556

Question 11

gov opposition

Answer 11

Not many disagreements between Mary and gov
A sig minority of MPs opposed the reversal of Edwardian relig legislation
MPs proved reluctant to restore ex-monastic land to prop of church, out of concern for property rights (and self interest)
Parliament defeated a 1555 bill to allow the seizure of prop of prot exiles

Question 12

Wyatt’s rebellion causes

Answer 12

1553-54
Bc of M’s determination to marry Philip
Strong anti-span sentiment… some rebs provoked by Mary’s relig outlook
Soc + econ grievances played a part… Kent suffering from decl in cloth industry 30 diff types of tradesmen incl in lists of rebs from Cranbrook Kent.
Rebs wanted eliz or Jane Grey

Question 13

Course of Wyatt’s rebellion

Answer 13

4 simultaneous risings, Devon (led by Courtenay), Hertfordshire, Leicester, and Kent (led by Wyatt)
only serious rising was Kent… Wyatt raised a force of ab 3000 men
Tried to march on London got w/in 1/2 KM OF mary but were repelled (by pub) and Wyatt forced to surrender w/in a month…. wasted time
When Mary sent D of Norfol to deal w/ rebs… was unsuccessful, troops joined embellish

Question 14

Outcome of Wyatt’s reb

Answer 14

Resulted in exec of Lady JG and imprisonment of Eliz in ToL
WhenAlthough failed, dem the extent of pop hostility to the span marriage, showed prot relig ops cld not be ignored
Wyatt did not have sup of Gentry had to rely on lower classes
Highlighted Mary’s pos could be challenged.. also shows her skills.