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GI Midterm 1 > Embryology of Orofacial Structures > Flashcards

Embryology of Orofacial Structures Flashcards

(77 cards)

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1
Q

orofacial and neck structures begin development during what weeks

A

4-8

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2
Q

what is another name for pharyngeal arch

A
  • branchial arch
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3
Q

what are bulges called?

A
  • arches
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4
Q

what are external invaginations between two arches

formed by

A
  • clefts/grooves

- ectoderm

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5
Q

what are internal invaginations between two arches

formed by

A
  • pouches

- endoderm

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6
Q

what is tissue separating cleft and pouch

A
  • membrane
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7
Q

what are ventrolateral bulges in the area between the brain and thorax

A
  • pharyngeal arches
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8
Q

how many pairs of pharyngeal arches

A
  • 6

- the fifth disappears so 5

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9
Q

pharyngeal arches arise in which week of development

A
  • 4
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10
Q

pharyngeal arches give rise to which parts of the body

A
  • lower 2/3 of face
  • oral cavity
  • ear
  • neck
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11
Q

external layer of pharyngeal arches derived from

A
  • ectoderm
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12
Q

filling/core of pharyngeal arches derived from

which forms

A
  • mesoderm - muscle, blood vessels

- neural crest - skeletal tissues

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13
Q

what does the neural crest have to do to get into the pharyngeal arches

what happens if it doesn’t do this

A
  • migrate

- orofacial anomalies

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14
Q

internal lining (GI tract lining) of pharyngeal arch derived from

A
  • endoderm
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15
Q

pharyngeal arch innervation by cranial nerves:

1
2
3
4
6
A 
1 -> 5
2 -> 7
3 -> 9
4 -> 10
6 -> 10
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16
Q

face is derived from 5 ________ that meet at the ______-

A
  • prominences/processes

- meet at the mouth

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17
Q

what is the mouth called early in development

A
  • stomadeum
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18
Q

which processes make up the face

A
  • frontonasal
  • maxillary
  • mandibular
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19
Q

maxillary and manidibular processes arise from which branchial arch

A
  • branchial/pharyngeal arch 1
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20
Q

name for pharyngeal arch 1

A
  • mandibular arch
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21
Q

what does pharyngeal arch 1 form

A
  • lower 2/3 of face
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22
Q

pharyngeal arch 1 subdivides around the _________ to form the _______ and _________

A
  • subdivides around oral cavity

- form upper/lower lip and jaws

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23
Q

maxillary process forms _______ of face

A
  • mid 1/3 of face
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24
Q

mandibular process forms _______ of face

A
  • lower 1/3 of face
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25
skeletal derivatives of maxillary process
- upper jaw
26
skeletal derivates of mandibular process begins as
- lower jaw, bones of ear | - Meckel cartilage
27
muscle derivates of pharyngeal arch 1
- muscles of mastication - mylohyoid - anterior belly digastric - tensor tympani - tensor veli palatini
28
how does the lower lip and jaw form
- from arch 1 mandibular processes fusing in midline
29
how does the upper lip and jaw form
- maxillary process of arch 1 with medial nasal processes
30
lip composed of
- middle 1/3 philtrum | - lateral 1/3
31
middle 1/3 philtrum of upper lip and jaw formed from
- frontonasal process
32
lateral 1/3 of upper lip and jaw formed from
- maxillary process
33
what cavities does the palate separate
- nasal and oral
34
3 areas fuse in a __ shape to form the palate
- Y-shape
35
track the processes that form the upper lip and jaw
- medial nasal -> median palatine -> primary palate | - maxillary -> lateral palatine -> secondary palate
36
the lateral palatine processes elevate from vertical to horizontal over the tongue around what weeks
- weeks 8-9
37
causes of cleft lip and palate
- genetic + teratogens
38
incomplete clefts mean
- partial lack of fusion
39
complete clefts mean
- total lack of fusion
40
cleft lip is ______ to incisive foramen
- anterior
41
clef palate is ______ to incisive foramen
- posterior
42
another name for pharyngeal arch 2
- hyoid arch
43
pharyngeal arch 2 starts with
- reichert cartilage
44
pharyngeal arch 2 skeletal derivatives
- hyoid - stylohyoid ligament - styloid - stapes
45
muscle derivatives of pharyngeal arch 2
- muscles of fascial expression - posterior belly digastric - stylohyoid - stapedius
46
skeletal derivatives of pharyngeal arch 3 starts with
- cartilage
47
skeletal derivatives of pharyngeal arch 3
- hyoid
48
muscle derivates of pharyngeal arch 3
- stylopharyngeus
49
skeletal derivatives of pharyngeal arches 4 and 6 start with
- cartilage
50
skeletal derivatives of pharyngeal arches 4 and 6
- laryngeal cartilages: - thyroid - cricoic - arytenoids - corniculate - cuneiform
51
muscle derivates of pharyngeal arch 4
- pharyngeal constrictor group - cricothyroid - levator veli palatini
52
muscle derivates of pharyngeal arch 6
- all laryngeal except cricothyroid
53
pharyngeal arch 1 has which artery
- part of maxillary
54
pharyngeal arch 2 has which artery
- stapedial
55
pharyngeal arch 3 has which artery
- common carotid | - part of internal carotid
56
pharyngeal arch 4 has which artery
- right subclavian | - left arch of aorta
57
pharyngeal arch 6 has which artery
- pulmonary arteries
58
which pharyngeal arches contribute to parts of the tongue
- 1, 3, 4
59
arch 1 contributes to which portion of the tongue
- anterior 2/3
60
cranial nerve for touch/temp in anterior 2/3 of tongue is what
- 5
61
cranial nerve for taste in anterior 2/3 of tongue for taste is what
- 7
62
pharyngeal arch 3 contributes to what portion of the tongue
- Posterior 1/3
63
pharyngeal arch 4 contributes to what portion of the tongue
- base + epiglottis
64
muscles inside tongue are innervated by what cranial nerve
- 12
65
pharyngeal groove/cleft 1 will form the
- external acoustic meatus
66
what forms the smooth neck contour
- overgrowth of arch 2 covering up grooves 2-4
67
as overgrowth of arch 2 occurs, what is temporarily created what happens if that fails to close
- cervical sinus | - branchial cleft cyst
68
pharyngeal pouch 1 forms
- eustachian tube
69
pharyngeal pouch 2 forms
- palatine tonsil
70
pharyngeal pouch 3 forms
- thymus | - inferior parathyroids
71
pharyngeal pouch 4 forms
- superior parathyroids
72
which pharyngeal pouches do not develop normally in DiGeorge syndrome
- 3 and 4
73
pharyngeal membrane 1 becomes what
- tympanic membrane
74
pharyngeal arch 1 and 2 forms what part of the ear
- auricle=pinna
75
what is the ear congenital anomaly that is a remnant from formation of auricle
- preauricular tag
76
what is the ear congenital anomaly that is small, malformed auricle
- microtia
77
fetal alcohol syndrome is especially important if fetus is exposed during what weeks of development
- 4-8

GI Midterm 1 (25 decks)

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