Endo 5 - Lipids

Question 1

major function of triglycerides

Answer 1

fuel

Question 2

major function of cholesterol

Answer 2

hormone synthesis

Question 3

how are lipids txp in blood

Answer 3

lipoproteins duh

Question 4

what is the function of apoproteins

Answer 4

barcode - identification

Question 5

what are the 6 types of lipoproteins

Answer 5

chylomycron, VLDL, chylo remnants, IDL, LDL, HDL

Question 6

if the lipoprotein is low density, what is the predominant molecule

Answer 6

TG

Question 7

which lipoprotein uses ApoA

Answer 7

HDL

Question 8

which lipoprotein allows for LPL to chew off TG

Answer 8

ApoCII

Question 9

what is the ligand for liver ApoB/ApoE receptors

Answer 9

ApoB 100

Question 10

which lipoprotein allows liver to remove chylo remnants, VLDL, and IDL

Answer 10

ApoE

Question 11

T/F ApoE is present in LDL

Answer 11

FALSE

Question 12

if you have 100 apoB, how many particles do you have

Answer 12

100

Question 13

which particle is apoB not present

Answer 13

HDL

Question 14

which is more atherogenic, high # of small particles or small # of large particles

Answer 14

high # of small

Question 15

what is the exogenous pathway for lipid disposal

Answer 15

dietary lipids moved into tissues

Question 16

what is the endogenous pathway for lipid disposal

Answer 16

moves TG and cholesterol made in liver to tissues

Question 17

what is the reverse cholesterol pathway for lipid disposal

Answer 17

moves choles fro mcells back to liver for bile excretion

Question 18

what does hepatic lipase do

Answer 18

lipolizes IDL and HDL

Question 19

what are the two receptors that can clear VLDL, IDL and remnants

Answer 19

Remant receptor and ApoB/E receptor

Question 20

how is LDL cleared from blood

Answer 20

liver ApoB/E receptor

Question 21

what enzyme converts nascent HDL into mature HDL

Answer 21

LCAT

Question 22

what is the action of LCAT

Answer 22

FC into CE

Question 23

how are CE from HDL moved to remnants/vldl/ldl/idl

Answer 23

CETP

Question 24

what is the effect on HDL after inhibition of CETP

Answer 24

increased HDL levels

Question 25

what is exchanged for CE via CETP

Answer 25

TG

Question 26

what is primary hyperlipidemia

Answer 26

genetic

Question 27

how do drugs affect lipid level

Answer 27

increase VLDL (except anabolic steroids - LDL)

Question 28

what does DM do to lipids

Answer 28

increase VLDL

Question 29

what does liver/biliary disease do to lipids

Answer 29

makes abnormal lipoproteins => hyperlipidemia

Question 30

how does hypothyroid cause hyperlipidemia

Answer 30

decreases clearance of lipoproteins

Question 31

how does nephrotic syndrome cause hyperlipidemia

Answer 31

increases apoB production

Question 32

what are 4 ways you can have decreased lipoprotein clearance

Answer 32

bad LPL/ApoCII, abnormal apoB/E, abnormal apoB/E receptor, not enough apoB/E receptors

Question 33

what is an eye-sign of high cholesterol

Answer 33

corneal arcus < age 50

Question 34

what is a periorbital sign of high C/TG

Answer 34

xanthelasma

Question 35

what is a tendon sign of high C

Answer 35

tendinous xanthoma

Question 36

what is a palmar sign of high remnants

Answer 36

palmar xanthoma

Question 37

what is a retinal sign of high chylo

Answer 37

lipemia retinalis

Question 38

what is a cutaneous sign of high chylo

Answer 38

eruptive xanthoma

Question 39

what is a general sign of high TG/low HDL

Answer 39

central obesity

Question 40

how do you calculate VLDL

Answer 40

TG/5 (only if TG < 400)

Question 41

what defect is present in familial hypercholesterolemia (Iia)

Answer 41

LDL receptor defect - associated with ASCVD

Question 42

T/F hypertriglyceridemia is associated with ASCVD

Answer 42

FALSE

Question 43

what is the defect in hypertrigly

Answer 43

VLDL overproduction

Question 44

what is the defect in combined hyperlipidemia

Answer 44

ApoB overproduction

Question 45

defect in hyperchylo

Answer 45

LPL/ApoCII defect

Question 46

drugs that decrease cholesterol production

Answer 46

statins, niacin

Question 47

drugs that increase cholesterol clearance

Answer 47

bile acid - increase LDL receptors

Question 48

drug that decreases chol absorption

Answer 48

ezetimide

Question 49

drug for high TG

Answer 49

fibrates