Endocrine

Question 1

Levothyroxine: what is it, effect, use, administration

Answer 1

Synthetic isomer of thyroxine (T4)

Supplies all effects of naturally produced T4

Treat hypothyroidism

PO

Question 2

Levothyroxine: side effects, monitoring

Answer 2

None at appropriate dose

Monitoring necessary at first to find appropriate dose

4-6 hours post pill

Annual BW long term

Question 3

Methimazole: effect, use, administration

Answer 3

Prevents thyroid gland from using iodine to produce T3 and T4

Treat feline hyperthyroidism

PO, transdermal

Question 4

Methimazole: brand name, generic, compounded

Answer 4

Methimazole: coated oral tablets

Generic: human tablets, not coated, potential for human exposure

Compounded: chewable tablets, oral suspension, transdermal

Question 5

Methimazole: side effects (4)

Answer 5

GI upset: vomiting/diarrhea

Sever pruritis

Hepatopathy

Blood dyscrasias due to bone marrow toxicity

Question 6

Methimazole: Monitorng

Answer 6

Hyperthyroid panel includes: TT4, Liver enzymes, CBC, BUN and creatinine

Can be done at any time of day, regardless of dose administration

Question 7

Methimazole: PPE, cautions

Answer 7

Teratogen, passes through breast milk

Wear gloves when handling and administering

Question 8

Mitotane: brand name, effect, use

Answer 8

Lysodren

Necrosis of zona fascicular and zone reticularis –> destroys ability to produce glucocorticoids and sex hormones

Treat PDH in dogs

Question 9

Mitotane: administration, dosing frequency

Answer 9

PO

Induction: once daily until effective or signs of toxicity

Maintenance: once weekly

Question 10

Mitotane: side effects (4), monitoring

Answer 10

Acute onset of hypoadrenocorticism

Lethargy

Weakness

Anorexia

GI upset

Frequent check ins

ACTH and electrolyte testing

Question 11

Trilostane: brand name, effect, use

Answer 11

Vetoryl

Inhibits enzyme critical to steroid production –> decreases all adrenocortical hormones

Treat: PDH FAT and PPID

Question 12

Trilostane: side effects (4), monitoring

Answer 12

Hypoadrenocorticism

Lethargy

Weakness

Anorexia

GI signs

Frequent check ins

ACTH electrolyte tests

Question 13

Pergolide: name brand, effect, use, administration

Answer 13

Prascend

Dopamine against

PPID in horses

PO

Question 14

Pergolide: side effects, warnings, monitoring

Answer 14

Well tolerated in most horses

Do not crush tablets, if splitting use gloves

Endogenous ACTH test and serum chemistry panel

Question 15

DOCP: Brand names, effect, use, administration

Answer 15

Percorten, Zycortal

Long acting mineralocorticoid –> same effect as aldosterone: increase Na absorption, decrease K excretion

Mineralocorticoid replacement therapy in SA with hypoadrenocorticism

IM q 25 days

Question 16

Fludrocortisone: brand name, effect, use, administration

Answer 16

Florinef

Mineralocorticoid replacement therapy –> increase Na absorption, decrease K excretion

Treat hypoadrenocorticism in SA

PO

Question 17

Mineralocorticoid Replacement Therapy: monitoring

Answer 17

Electrolytes, any time of day

Frequently until stable, then at least annually