Parasympathetic Nervous System Drugs Flashcards
Parasympathomimetic: definition
aka Cholinergic
Stimulates or mimics ACh effects
or
Blocks acetylcholinesterase
Parasympatholytic: definition
aka Anticholinergic
Inhibits a PNS response
Parasympathomimetics: possible side effects
SLUD
Salivation
Lacrimation
Urination
Defecation
Bethanechol: group, effect, use
Parasympathomimetic
Stimulates detrusor muscle contraction
Used for dogs/cats recovering from a urinary obstruction who now have difficulty expressing their bladder.
Metoclopramide: group, trade name, effect, use
Parasympathomimetic
Reglan
Stimulates gastric motility
Used as an antiemetic
Cisapride: group, effect, use
Parasympathomimetic
Stimulates intestinal motility
Used to promote defecation in cats with megacolon to help prevent future constipation
Organophosphate Pesticides: where they’re found, effect
Found in dips, sprays, household/garden products
Blocks acetylcholinesterase activity
Parasympatholytics: possible side effects (4)
SNS effects:
Tachycardia
Reduced lacrimation - dry eye
Reduced salivation - dry mouth
Reduced GI motility - constipation
Organophosphate Pesticides: clinical signs of toxicity (4)
SLUD (salivation, lacrimation, urination, defecation)
Bradycardia
Muscle tremors
Seizures
Atropine: group, use
Parasympatholytic/Anticholinergic
Injectable: pre-anesthetic agent, organophosphate toxicity antidote
Ophthalmic topical: dilate pupils to decrease iris spasm pain
Atropine: cautions (2)
Injectable: decreased GI motility can cause colic in horses and bloat in ruminants
Ophthalmic: RED CAP. Raises intraocular pressure, do not use in glaucoma pts
Glycopyrrolate: group, use
Parasympatholytic/Anticholinergic
Pre-anesthetic agent
Tropicamide: group, use, caution (1)
Parasympatholytic
Ophthalmic topical: dilates pupil for ophthalmic exam
Caution: RED CAP. Raises intraocular pressure, do not use in glaucoma pts.
