Penicillins and Cephalosporins Flashcards
Beta-Lactam Abx
Penicillin Uses
All: soft tissue and urinary infections
Beta-lactamase resistant: soft tissue, urinary, skin, bone infections
Penicillin: side effects (2), caution
Mostly well tolerated
Vomiting/Diarrhea - improved if given with food
Hypersensitivity rxns - rare but potentially fatal
Not recommended in most pocket pets, destroys gram pos normal gut flora
Penicillin-G: natural?, beta-lactamase, spectrum, formulas
“Natural” penicillin
Beta-lactamase sensitive
Narrow spectrum
Solutions: IV, rapid onset/duration
Repository: IM/SQ
Amoxicillin: beta-lactamase, spectrum, administration
Beta-lactamase sensitive
Broad spectrum
PO, injectable
Amoxicillin + Clavulanic Acid: brand name, type, beta-lactamase, spectrum, administration
Clavamox
Potentiated penicillin
Beta-lactamase resistant
Broad spectrum
PO
Ampicillin + Sulbactam sodium: brand name, type, beta-lactamase, spectrum, administration
Unasyn
Potentiated penicillin
Beta-lactamase resistant
Broad spectrum
Injectable
Cephalosporins: spectrum, classifications, use
Broad spectrum
Later generations: beta-lactamase resistant and have the broadest spectrum
Soft tissue, urinary, skin, and bone infections
Cephalexin: type , species, spectrum, administration
Cephalosporin
Small animal
Broad spectrum
PO
Cefadroxil: brand name, type, species, spectrum, administration
Cefa-Drops
Cephalosporin
Small animal
Broad spectrum
PO
Cefazolin: type, spectrum, administration
Cephalosporin
Small animal
Broad spectrum
Injectable
Cefpodoxime: brand name, type, species, spectrum, administration
Simplicef
Cephalosporin
Small animal
Broad spectrum
PO
Cefovecin: brand name, type, species, spectrum, administration
Convenia
Cephalosporin
Small animal
Broad spectrum
SQ q 14-21 days
Ceftiofur: brand names (2), type, species spectrum, administration
Naxcel, Ceftiofur
Cephalosporin
Mostly LA
Broad spectrum
Injectable
Beta-Lactam Abx: method of action, effect
Inhibit cell wall synthesis via beta-lactam ring
Bactericidal
