Endocrine

Question 1

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and oxytocin are produced in the

Answer 1

hypothalamus

Question 2

Patients with hypothyroidism are also likely to have elevated

Answer 2

lipid levels

Question 3

The character feature of Graves disease does NOT include

Answer 3

constipation

Question 4

A simple non-toxic goiter

Answer 4

may be enlarged secondary to lack of iodine in the diet

Question 5

Synthesis and secretion of the thyroid hormones depend on the presence of

Answer 5

iodine

Question 6

In thyrotoxic crisis, T3 and T4 are overproduced, causing hypermetabolism from the overproduction of

Answer 6

epinephrine

Question 7

The complication associated with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes that is NOT microvascular complication is

Answer 7

peripheral artery disease

Question 8

In the presence of acute adrenal insufficiency, the underproduction of cortisol by the adrenal glands may cause the patient to experience

Answer 8

hypoglycemia

Question 9

The adrenal glands are responsible for producing

Answer 9

epinephrine

Question 9

A patient with elevated thyroid-stimulating (TSH) level is mostly likely to have

Answer 9

hypothyroidism

Question 10

As a result of prolonged exposure to high levels of cortisol, the patient with Cushing’s syndrome is likely to develop

Answer 10

moon facies

Question 11

Symptoms of thyrotoxicosis include

Answer 11

cardiac arrythmia

Question 12

Which one of the following is decreased in Addison’s disease

Answer 12

aldosterone

Question 13

Guillain-Barre syndrome is most commonly triggered by recent

Answer 13

digestive tract infection

Question 14

A common characteristic of a person with Grave’s disease is

Answer 14

opthalmopathy (bulging eyes)

Question 15

A 42-year old woman complains of palpitations, anxiety and weight loss. Which two lab tests would be most helpful in diagnosis this patient

Answer 15

Free T3 and T4

Question 16

In a patient with hyperglycemia, the NP knows that the hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome (HHNS) will not produce

Answer 16

ketogenesis

Question 17

Risk factors that predispose a patient to Graves disease include

Answer 17

female sex

Question 18

An autoimmune disorder characterized by abnormal stimulation of the thyroid gland by antibodies that act through normal TSH receptors is

Answer 18

Graves’ disease

Question 19

Which of the following laboratory findings are present after adrenal stimulation with early stage Addison’s disease

Answer 19

increased cortisol levels

Question 20

The most common signs of newly diagnosed diabetes include

Answer 20

polyuria

Question 21

Acute complications of untreated diabetes insipidus would NOT include

Answer 21

hypervolemia

Question 22

When calcium levels are low, the negative feedback system

Answer 22

stimulates the parathyroid gland to release parathyroid hormones

Question 23

Hyperglycemia in patients who have Type 2 diabetes can cause

Answer 23

thirst

Question 24

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is caused by

Answer 24

beta cell destruction

Question 25

A negative feedback system regulates the endocrine system by

Answer 25

inhibiting hormone overproduction

Question 26

Which diagnosis is associated with T cell-mediated destruction of beta cells in the pancreas

Answer 26

Type 1 diabetes

Question 27

Which hormone is NOT one of the four types of trophic hormones released by the anterior pituitary gland

Answer 27

growth hormone

Question 28

Patients with Graves disease may experience comorbid diseases including

Answer 28

Lupus erythematosus

Question 29

A 54-year old patient with diabetes presents with fatigue and the NP suspects diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Other symptoms related to DKA include

Answer 29

fruity breath

Question 30

Which of the following hormones is NOT essential for normal body growth and maturation in children

Answer 30

adrenalin

Question 31

The disease caused by hyperfunctioning of the thyroid gland is known as

Answer 31

hyperthyroidism

Question 32

A patient with an elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level most likely has

Answer 32

hypothyroidism

Question 33

Diabetes is the leading cause of

Answer 33

end stage renal disease (ESRD)

Question 34

Hypofunction of the adrenal cortex that results in an inadequate release of glucocorticoids is

Answer 34

Addison's disease

Question 35

The acute metabolic complication that occurs in patients with diabetes is

Answer 35

ketoacidosis

Question 36

In addition to decreased plasma cortisol levels, the laboratory findings of a patient in adrenal crisis would include

Answer 36

decreased serum sodium levels

Question 37

An autoimmune disorder characterized by abnormal stimulation of the thyroid gland by antibodies that acct through normal TSH receptors is

Answer 37

Graves disease

Question 38

In addition to elevated blood glucose levels, the initial laboratory findings in a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis would include

Answer 38

decreased bicarbonate levels

Question 39

The most common cause of hypothyroidism is

Answer 39

Hashimoto's disease

Question 40

Which of the following is decreased in Addison's disease

Answer 40

aldosterone

Question 41

An extreme and life-threatening form of thyrotoxicosis is called

Answer 41

thyroid storm

Question 42

The complication associated with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes that is a macrovascular complication is

Answer 42

coronary artery disease

Question 43

What percent of beta cells in the pancreas must be destroyed before hyperglycemia develops

Answer 43

80%

Question 44

The release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) from the posterior gland is stimulated by reduced circulating volume and

Answer 44

increased serum osmolality

Question 45

The macrovascular disease that is the leading cause of death in a patient with diabetes is

Answer 45

cardiovascular disease

Question 46

Which one of the following is NOT a cause of short stature in children

Answer 46

early estrogen and androgen secretion

Question 47

The most common cause of secondary hypothyroidism is

Answer 47

low secretion of thyrotropin hormone by the pituitary gland

Question 48

Diabetes mellitus is NOT a disorder in the metabolism of

Answer 48

iron

Question 49

Which one of the following is necessary for linear bone growth in children

Answer 49

growth hormone

Question 50

In a patient with diabetes insipidus, the reabsorption of water by the renal tubular collecting ducts can lead to

Answer 50

increased serum sodium

Question 51

The thyroid hormone that is responsible for calcium regurgitation

Answer 51

thyrocalcitonin

Question 52

The majority of patients with simple goiters are expected to have

Answer 52

a euthyroid state

Question 53

Cushing's disease is characterized by physical abnormalities that occur when the adrenal glands secrete excess

Answer 53

glucocorticoids

Question 54

Which of the following is NOT a common secondary cause of Type 2 diabetes

Answer 54

autoimmune disease

Question 55

The disorder that is caused by a deficiency of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is known as

Answer 55

Diabetes insipidus

Question 56

Most common cause of hyperthyroidism is

Answer 56

Graves disease