Women's Health

Question 1

A hormonal disorder in women of reproductive age that causes prolonged menstruation or excessive androgen levels is:

Answer 1

Polycystic ovarian syndrome

Question 2

In women, the growth of coarse, dark hair in areas not typically for this hair type is a sign of:

Answer 2

Hirsutism

Question 3

Which phase of the menstrual cycle involved the closure of a ruptured follicle after ovum release?

Answer 3

Luteal

Question 4

An immature female gamete is termed:

Answer 4

An oocyte

Question 5

Which type of suppressor proteins are produced by BRCA1 and BRCA2?

Answer 5

Tumor

Question 6

A clinical syndrome resulting from loss of normal vaginal flora, decreased lactobacilli and overgrowth of anaerobic organisms is:

Answer 6

Bacterial vaginitis

Question 7

Which hormone is responsible for ovulation and the development of the corpus luteum?

Answer 7

Leuteinizing hormone

Question 8

Which hormone is responsible for breast development?

Answer 8

Estrogen

Question 9

Which hormone increases during follicular phase of the menstrual cycle to prepare the uterus for ovum fertilization?

Answer 9

Estrogen

Question 10

In women, bacteria in the lower genital tract may lead to pelvic inflammatory disease due to:

Answer 10

The effects of estrogen levels on cervical mucus viscosity

Question 11

Overgrowth of endometrial cells in the lining of the uterus may lead to a(n):

Answer 11

Polyp

Question 12

Which one of the following statements about bacterial vaginosis is NOT correct?

Answer 12

It is a sexually transmitted disease

Question 13

The milk-producing gland of a woman is the:

Answer 13

Mammary gland

Question 14

Which phase of the menstrual cycle begins with a surge in luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone?

Answer 14

Ovulatory

Question 15

Which one of the following is a pathogen commonly associated with mastitis?

Answer 15

Staphlococcus aureus

Question 16

Herniation of the rectum into the vagina is termed:

Answer 16

Rectocele

Question 17

Uterine prolapse is caused by stretching of the uterine:

Answer 17

Ligaments

Question 18

Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) is associated with:

Answer 18

Decreased estrogen

Question 19

PCOS is associated with clinical findings of obesity due to:

Answer 19

Hyperinsulinemia

Question 20

Hirsutism is due to:

Answer 20

Excess testosterone

Question 21

When an ovum is not fertilized, the corpus luteum stops producing:

Answer 21

Progesterone

Question 22

Fibrocystic breast disease is influenced by:

Answer 22

Estrogen predominance and progesterone deficiency

Question 23

Which one of the following is likely to decrease breast cancer risk?

Answer 23

Regular physical activity

Question 24

The gynecologic disorder that occurs when endometrial tissue grows outside the uterus is:

Answer 24

Endometriosis

Question 25

The main risk factor associated with uterine prolapse is:

Answer 25

Pregnancy

Question 26

Which one of the following is NOT regulated by follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone?

Answer 26

Parity

Question 27

Which one of the following is sometimes described as nodular, sensitive breasts?

Answer 27

Fibrocycstic breast disease

Question 28

Which hormone is elevated during days 1-13 of the menstrual cycle?

Answer 28

Follicle-stimulating hormone

Question 29

During the ovulatory phase, which hormone stimulates the follicle to rupture and release the ovum?

Answer 29

Leutinizing

Question 30

When evaluating anovulation in a patient with PCOS, the hormone most likely elevated is:

Answer 30

Luteinizing

Question 31

Which one of the following is NOT a pathological characteristic of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)?

Answer 31

Low luteinizing hormone

Question 32

Which one of the following is NOT a complication associated with uterine prolapse?

Answer 32

Pelvic inflammatory disease

Question 33

Which risk factor may NOT be associated with the development of breast cancer?

Answer 33

Short stature

Question 34

Patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) typically have:

Answer 34

Hyperinsulinemia

Question 35

Which type of adenoma is associated with the highest cancer risk?

Answer 35

Villous adenomas

Question 36

Lack of which hormone can cause failure of the ovarian follicles to mature to the point of ovulation?

Answer 36

Progesterone

Question 37

During which phase of menstruation does the endometrium shed and bleeding occur?

Answer 37

Follicular

Question 38

When the uterosacral ligament weakens and forms a herniation is called:

Answer 38

Enterocele

Question 39

During which phase of menstruation does the endometrium shed and bleeding occur?

Answer 39

Follicular

Question 40

When the uterosacral ligament weakens and forms a herniation is called:

Answer 40

Enterocele

Question 41

Dysfunctional menstrual cycles are related to alterations in:

Answer 41

Estrogen

Question 42

After ovulation, the corpus luteum predominantly secretes which hormone to prepare the uterus for implantation of a fertilized ovary?

Answer 42

Progesterone

Question 43

Which of the following conditions is NOT associated with excessive levels of androgens in women?

Answer 43

Premenstrual syndrome

Question 44

The most common reason women have abnormal cervical cytology is infection with

Answer 44

Human papillomavirus infection

Question 45

The odor associated with bacterial vaginosis can be initiated with the application of:

Answer 45

Potassium hydroxide

Question 46

When bone resorption exceeds bone formation in postmenopausal women, they become more susceptible to:

Answer 46

Osteopenia

Question 47

Which breast condition is NOT part of a heterogenous group of benign breast lesions?

Answer 47

Luminal A

Question 48

Patients with PCOS are at higher risk for developing:

Answer 48

Type 2 diabetes

Question 49

A herniation of the bladder into the vagina is termed:

Answer 49

Cystocele

Question 50

A 34-year-old woman complains of fewer than nine menstrual periods in 1 year and no menstrual periods for 3 consecutive months. Which is the most appropriate diagnosis for this woman?

Answer 50

Menstrual dysfunction

Question 51

The most common pelvic tumor is a benign neoplasm of smooth muscle origin that is termed:

Answer 51

A fibroid

Question 52

Women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) abnormally metabolize:

Answer 52

Androgens and estrogen

Question 53

Benign epithelial neoplasms that arise from the epithelial cells lining the colon are:

Answer 53

Polyps

Question 54

Which of the following is a yeast pathogen associated with vaginitis?

Answer 54

Candida albicans