Flashcards in Endocrine Deck (73)
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61
SGLT-2 inhibitors (canagliflozin)
MOA: blocks reabsorption of glucose in prox collecting tubule
Use: Type 2 DM
ADRs: UTIs and yeast infections due to glucosuria
62
alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
Names: acarbose, miglitol
MOA: inhibits intesinal brush border alpha glucosidases, delaying glucose absorption and decreasing postprandial hyperglycemia
Use: type 2 DM
63
Propylthiouracil and methimazole
MOA: block thyroid peroxidase, inhibiting oxidation and organification of iodine and thus inhibiting thryoid hormone synthesis. PTU also blocks peripheral conversion of T4 to T3
Use: Hyperthyroidism. PTU used in pregnancy because methimazole is possible teratogen
ADRs: agranulocytosis, aplasatic anemia
64
ADH antagonists
Names: Conivaptan, tolvaptan, demeclocycline
MOA: block ADH receptor
Use: SIADH
ADR: demeclocycline is of tetracycline family and so can cause bone and teeth abnormalities
65
Octreotide
MOA: somatostatin analogue
Use: acromegaly, carcinoid syndrome, gastrinoma, glucagonoma, esophageal varices
66
Cinacalcet
MOA: sensitizes parathyroid gland to calcium, decreasing PTH
Use: primary or secondary hyperparathyroidism
67
Bromocriptine
MOA: dopamine agonist
Use: hyperprolactinemia
68
Central DI: damage to pituitary vs hypothalamus
Damage to pituitary or infundibulum causes only transient DI because hypothalamic axons regenerate and hypertrophy. Damage to hypothalamic neurons results in permanent DI
69
Acetyl coA carboxylase
Fatty acid metabolism enzyme: converts acetyl coA to malonyl coA
70
Glycerol kinase
Part of gluconeogenesis from triglycerides
71
Parathyroid Ca++ sensing receptors
Transmembrane G protein coupled receptors
72
Neurophysins
Carrier proteins for oxytocin and vasopressin
73
