Endocrine System

Question 1

The general purpose of hormones?

Answer 1

To maintain your body’s homeostasis

Question 2

The chain of hormones who’s sole purpose is to trigger other hormones to produce more hormones is called?

Answer 2

Cascade

Question 3

3 Functions of the Endocrine system?

Answer 3

1. Produces hormones
2. Releases hormones
3. Reabsorbs hormones

Question 4

What are the two complementary systems that work with your hormones?

Answer 4

Endocrine and Nervous system

Question 5

The Reason for speed differences in response times of the endocrine and nervous systems.

Answer 5

Endocrine releases hormones through the blood while nervous system works with light speed action potentials

Question 6

Name all the components of the endocrine system:

Answer 6

Pineal gland, hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, pancreatic islets, thymus gland, adrenal glands, gonads,

Question 7

What is a glad?

Answer 7

Any structure that makes or secretes a hormone

Question 8

What is te master gland in the human body?

Answer 8

The pituitary gland

Question 9

Hormones can only trigger reactions in specific general cells called?

Answer 9

Target cells

Question 10

What is a target cell?

Answer 10

A cell that has a specific receptor for a specific hormone

Question 11

What are the two things that hormones are derived from?

Answer 11

Amino acids or lipids

Question 12

What does a hormone’s chemical structure determine?

Answer 12

Whether it’s water or fat soluble

Question 13

Amino acids possess what kind of soluablity?

Answer 13

Water based

Question 14

Steroid possess what kind of solubility?

Answer 14

Lipid/fat soluble

Question 15

Why is the solubility important?

Answer 15

The cell membranes are made of lipids

Question 16

Can a water soluble hormone get across a cell membrane and if so, by the aid of what?

Answer 16

No, by aid of cell receptors on the outsides of their membranes

Question 17

With increased blood sugar, which structure produces what in response?

Answer 17

Pancreas releases insulin and glucagon

Question 18

Which cells in the pancreas produce insulin ?

Answer 18

Beta cells

Question 19

Basics of how insulin works

Answer 19

Increases the rate at which cells store sugar as glycogen or fat

Question 20

Which cells in the pancreas produce glucagon?

Answer 20

Alpha cells

Question 21

What does glucagon do and how does it do it?

Answer 21

Raises blood sugar levels by decreasing storage of sugar in body cells and triggering release of glucose back into the blood

Question 22

What is the major Cascade of the endocrine system involving the adrenal glands?

Answer 22

Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal Axis

Question 23

The HPA axis is the companion to which system?

Answer 23

Sympathetic nervous system

Question 24

What structure joins the nervous system and endocrine system?

Answer 24

Hypothalamus

Question 25

Function of the hypothalamus

Answer 25

Keeps tabs on the body to analyze blood for signs of non-homeostasis

Question 26

During stress, what happens to the hypothalamus?

Answer 26

Brain Action potentials trigger hypothalamus to release CRH

Question 27

What does the CRH do?

Answer 27

Stimulates anterior pituitary gland to release ACTH

Question 28

What does the ATCH do?

Answer 28

Travels through blood stream to adrenal glands

Question 29

Which 2 hormones do the adrenal glands release?

Answer 29

1. Glucocorticoid

2. Mineralocorticoid

Question 30

What is the major Cascade of the endocrine system involving the thyroid gland?

Answer 30

Hypothalamus pituitary-thyroid axis