Cells and Their Functions

Question 1

What is Cytology?

Answer 1

The study of cells and their funtions

Question 2

What is the most basic form of life?

Answer 2

The cell

Question 3

What are the 6 characteristics that are required for something to be considered to have life?

Answer 3

Organization, Metabolism, Responsiveness, Homeostasis, Growth, Reproduction

Question 4

What are the 3 types of microscopes?

Answer 4

Compound light, Transmission electron, Scanning electron

Question 5

Which microscope is most commonly used in the lab?

Answer 5

Compound light

Question 6

Acts to enclose all of the cell organelles

Answer 6

Plasma membrane

Question 7

The main substance/composition of the cellular membrane

Answer 7

bilayer of phospholipids

Question 8

Composition of phospholipids

Answer 8

2 fatty acids and a glycerol attached to a phosphate group

Question 9

Microvilli

Answer 9

Short extensions of the plasma membrane that absorb materials into the cell

Question 10

Nucleus

Answer 10

Composed of, DNA and proteins which contains chromosomes

Question 11

Nucleous

Answer 11

Located inside the nucleus composed of DNA, RNA and proteins which function to produce ribosomes

Question 12

Cytoplasm

Answer 12

Colloidal suspension that contains all of the organelles

Question 13

Cytosol

Answer 13

Fluid part of the cytoplasm

Question 14

ER

Answer 14

Sorts proteins and turns them into more complex compounds as well as involved in lipid synthesis

Question 15

Mitochondria

Answer 15

The site of cellular respiration

Question 16

Golgi apparatus

Answer 16

packages and prepares compounds to be transported within and outside of the cell

Question 17

Lysomes

Answer 17

Digestive enzymes

Question 18

Perioxisomes

Answer 18

Breakdown toxins

Question 19

Vesicles

Answer 19

Small membrane sacs in cytoplasm-facilitate material storage and move materials in/out of cell in bulk

Question 20

Centrioles

Answer 20

Rod shaped organelles that aid in cellular division

Question 21

Cilia

Answer 21

Hairlike projections that move fluids intercellularly

Question 22

Molecule located between the bilayer of phospholipids and purpose

Answer 22

Cholesterol which strengthens the membrane

Question 23

Purpose of carbohydrates in glycoproteins and glycolips

Answer 23

To help cells recognize each other and stick together

Question 24

Channels

Answer 24

Pores in membrane that allow passage of certain substances

Question 25

Transporters

Answer 25

Shuttle substances across membrane (eg. glucose)

Question 26

Receptors

Answer 26

Site of attachment for substances to membrane (eg. hormones)

Question 27

Enzymes

Answer 27

Participate in reactions at the membrane surface

Question 28

Linkers

Answer 28

Give shape to the membrane and attach cells to eachother

Question 29

Cell Identity Markers

Answer 29

Proteins unique to person’s cell- important for transplants