Respiratory System

Question 1

4 Stages of Respiration

Answer 1

1. Pulmonary Ventilation
2. External gas exchange
3. Gas transport into blood
4. Internal Gas exchange

Question 2

Describe Pulmonary ventilation

Answer 2

Initial exchange between oxygen in atmosphere and alveoli

Question 3

Describe external gas exchange

Answer 3

Diffusion of oxygen into the blood and carbon dioxide out of the blood

Question 4

Describe gas transport into blood

Answer 4

Blood circulates oxygen to the tissues and CO2 out of the tissues

Question 5

Describe internal gas exchange

Answer 5

Exhange of oxygen and CO2 from blood to body cells

Question 6

The nasal septum is divided by which two parts

Answer 6

1. Ethmoid

2. Vomer

Question 7

What is the septum the walls of the nasal cavity lined with?

Answer 7

Mucus membrane

Question 8

List 3 things that occur when air comes into contact with nasal lining

Answer 8

1. Filtration
2. Air is warmed
3. Air is moistened

Question 9

What is surfactant

Answer 9

Compounds that lower surface tension between two liquids or between liquid and solid

Question 10

Is inspiration active or passive and why?

Answer 10

Active because it requires muscular contraction

Question 11

Is expiration active or passive and why?

Answer 11

No because it requires no muscle contraction

Question 12

Expiration depends on which two factors

Answer 12

1. Recoil of elastic fibers

2. INward pull of surface tension due to film over alveoli

Question 13

What maintains the openness of the trachea

Answer 13

Cartilage rings

Question 14

What is intrapulmonary pressure?

Answer 14

Pressure in the alveoli

Question 15

Surfactant function in alveoli

Answer 15

Interference with water cohesion in alveoli

Question 16

Condition of increased blood acidity

Answer 16

acidosis

Question 17

What happens with Bohr effect?

Answer 17

Decrease in pH leads to weaken hemoglobin-oxygen bonding which releases more oxygen

Question 18

What is the percentage of oxygen in plasma?

Answer 18

1.5%