Energy Sources

Question 1

Six categories of nutrients = ?

Energy Sources

Answer 1

Six Categories of Nutrients:

1. Carbohydrates
2. Lipids
3. Proteins
4. Vitamins
5. Minerals
6. Water

Question 2

Forms of energy include = ?

Energy Sources

Answer 2

Forms of energy:

• Chemical - food
• Heat -
• Mechanical - ATP

Question 3

Formation of glycogen from glucose = ?

Energy Sources

Answer 3

Glycogenesis: Formation of glycogen from glucose

Question 4

Breaking down of glycogen into glucose = ?

Energy Sources

Answer 4

Glycogenolysis: Breaking down of glycogen into glucose.

Question 5

The process of making glucose from its own breakdown products or the breakdown products of lipids & proteins = ?

Energy Sources

Answer 5

Gluconeogenesis: The process of making glucose from its own breakdown, or from the breakdown products of lipids and/or proteins.

Question 6

_ (?) _ carbohydrates will take longer for the body to convert into sucrose or glucose and will be rich in vitamins and nutrients.

Energy Sources

Answer 6

Complex carbohydrates will take longer for the body to convert into sucrose or glucose and will be rich in vitamins and nutrients.

Question 7

Two fats important for metabolism = ?

Energy Sources

Answer 7

Two fats important for metabolism:

(1) Fatty acids:

• Saturated = Animal products
• Unsaturated = Plant products

(2) Triglycerides:

• Form of fatty acids stored in fat cells
• Glycerol + 3 fatty acids

Question 8

T/F:
A lipid (fat) molecule has the identical structural elements of carbs but differ in number of atoms.

Energy Sources

Answer 8

True

Question 9

Saturated Fats come from what source?

Energy Sources

Answer 9

Animal

Question 10

Unsaturated Fats come from what source?

Energy Sources

Answer 10

Plant

Question 11

Lipids serve as what?

Energy Sources

Answer 11

A source of fuel and are an important contituent of the structure of cells

Question 12

Role of Lipids in the body

Energy Sources

Answer 12

1. Energy source and reserve
2. Protection of vital organs
3. Thermal insulation
4. Vitamin carrier

Question 13

Proteins: How many kcal/gram and what percent of calories should come from them?

Energy Sources

Answer 13

4 Kcal/gm and 10-15% of calories

Question 14

Essential Amino Acids

Energy Sources

Answer 14

Must be ingested in food; cannot be synthesized

Question 15

Nonessential amino acids

Energy Sources

Answer 15

Can be synthesized by body

Question 16

What are enzymes?

Energy Sources

Answer 16

Protein molecules that facilitate a chemical reaction
Facilitate and increase speed of reaction

Question 17

What is catabolic reaction?

Energy Sources

Answer 17

The breaking down of substrate into molecules
Ex: Protein -> Amino Acids

Question 18

What is Anabolic Reaction?

Energy Sources

Answer 18

The formation of product from molecules

Question 19

A group of substances that are essential for overall health, normal cell function, growth, and development

Energy Sources

Answer 19

Vitamins and Minerals

Question 20

Vitamins and Minerals help with what?

Energy Sources

Answer 20

Building bones, healing wounds, and bolster the immune system
They also convert food into energy and repair cellular damage

Question 21

Vitamin B12 is important for what?

Answer 21

Metabolism
It also helps form red blood cells and maintain the central nervous system

Question 22

Vitamin K is needed for why?

Answer 22

Without it, blood would not stick together

Question 23

Iron is needed for what?

Answer 23

Iron is a vital part of hemoglobin, which transports oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body