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From Flashcardlet > English 381 > Flashcards

English 381 Flashcards

0
Q

Latino Literature

How is it unified

A
  1. Literature by people with cultural ties and origins in Latin America but produced in the US
  2. Conceived within or on the borders of the US
  3. Unified by language and history
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1
Q

Critical thinking

A
  1. First ask ‘how’ things work: think about how it functions
  2. Then ask ‘why’ things work that way: leads to the creation of an argument. Either accept/ reject all or accept/ reject partial. Take a stance and argue for it.
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2
Q

Ethnonyms

Examples

A
  1. Group names

2. EX. Hispanic, Latino/a, Chicano/a, Mexican

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3
Q

Hispanic

A
  1. Non white or black persons
  2. Racially diverse indigenous peoples
  3. Related to Spain or Latin America
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4
Q

Latino/a

A
  1. Self identified and self claimed (1960s)
  2. Inclusive term that recognizes the hemispheric, linguistic, and mixture of a continuous connection
  3. Term ‘latinidad’ coined by Frances Aparacio
  4. Midwest/ east coast origin
  5. Probably educated and middle class
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5
Q

Chicano/a

A
  1. Mexican-American/ Mexican origin
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6
Q

Calling a Mexican a Indio/Indian

A

This is a slur, it means savage or uncivilized and uneducated

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7
Q

Nezahualcoyotl

A
  1. Aztec “king poet”
  2. Poems against war
  3. 14 century
    4 “a nation is not a nation unless it has a house of poetry”
  4. Poems are also called “flower song.” (Xochitl cuicatyl/ pilli)
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8
Q

Black legend

A
  1. Notion that the Spaniards of all the Europeans, were disproportionately cruel or evil
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9
Q

1821

A

Mexico is declared independence from Spain

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10
Q

José Marti

A
  1. Cuban revolutionary
  2. Poet and romantic
  3. Disenchanted with America, goes back to Cuba
  4. Becomes an icon for the independence of Cuba
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11
Q

Pocho

A
  1. Villarreal 1958
  2. Mexican-American novel
  3. Coming of age: watching a young character mature over time (they change and develop through 1. experience and 2. social interactions that generate new knowledge
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12
Q

The U.S Mexican war

A
  1. 1846

2. Rise of American imperialism and expansion

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13
Q

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

A
  1. Gives land rights and citizenship to the Mexican peoples already living there
  2. Created the first Mexican Americans
  3. 1848
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14
Q

The Chinese exclusion act

A
  1. 1880

2. Laws passed to make illegal immigrants

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15
Q

The Great Depression

A

1929

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16
Q

The Decade of Shame

A
  1. 1929-39
  2. Mass deportation of Mexican Americans in California into Mexico
  3. 2 million Mexican-Americans are deported and 60% of them were American (1.2 mill)
  4. These Americans have rights to freedom from the Constitution, but they were broken with these actions
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17
Q

Identity

A
  1. Created from cultural assimilation (straight line assimilation)
  2. Is a dialectical process (a challenging of identity; thesis-antithesis= synthesis)
18
Q

Self-determination

A

The ultimate right to say who or what your identity is

19
Q

WASP’s

A
  1. White, Anglo Saxon, protestant
20
Q

The ideal American

A
  1. White, male, upper-middle-class, protestant

2. WASP

21
Q

Implications of the ideal American

A
  1. The ideal American is seen through the historical understanding of our society
  2. We socially (choosing who we associate with), juridically (racial profiling, legal cases), and economically (who gets jobs, who can get to the top) enforce this ideal
22
Q

Naturalization act

A
  1. 1790
  2. Legislation Limiting who can become a citizen of United States, only free white men of good moral character allowed.
  3. Women could not be citizens, only through marriage or through the father
  4. You could not vote if you did not own land
23
Q

Segmented assimilation

A

Assimilation in segments

24
Q

Acculturation

A

Adapting cultural traits or social patterns of another group

25
Q

2 ways we gain new knowledge

A
  1. Experiences/ experiential knowledge: rites and rituals (actually burning yourself and learning fire = burn )
  2. Theoretical knowledge: “don’t touch the fire or it will burn you” (you were taught)
26
Q

Era of Enganche

A
  1. 1900-1929
  2. “On the Hook”
  3. Proliferation of railroads
  4. Modernization of Mexico
  5. Economic boom in the US creates intensive need for labor
27
Q

Era of Mass Deportations

A
  1. 1921-1941
  2. Deportation after immigration act of 1921 and 1924 (creation of border patrol during the Great Depression (1929) creates low quotas of immigration based on country of origin
28
Q

The Bracero Era

A
  1. 1942-1964
  2. Spanish word for “arm”
  3. Program created for temporary immigrant laborers from Mexico
  4. Demand for laborers was due to the war and the men being gone
  5. No pathway to citizenship
29
Q

Era of Undocumented Migration

A
  1. 1965-1985
  2. Repeal of US economic/labor policies creates undocumented or illegal immigrant population in US.
  3. 1.3 million undocumented migrants in the US in the 1970’s
  4. Immigration act of 1965 removes country of origin quotas
30
Q

Era of Great Immigration Divide

A
  1. 1986-present
  2. Reagan grants amnesty to unauthorized immigrants
  3. Post NAFTA, immigration shifts from circular to one-way migration
31
Q

Push-Pull economic theory

A
  1. Pull- we want to employ you

2. Push- pushing people out of the country

32
Q

The Dominican Republic and Haiti together form?

A

Hispaniola

33
Q

The caste system was created by the?

A

Spainards

  1. Europeans in Europe
  2. Peninsulares (europeaneans in colonies)
  3. Criollos/Creoles (European descendants born in colonies)
  4. Mestizo (mixed indigenous and European)
  5. Mulattos (mixed black and European African
  6. Indigenous
  7. African (slaves)
34
Q

Hispaniola and Columbus?

A

Hispaniola was the first European settlement of Americas by colombus (1492)

35
Q

1492-1821

A

300 years of Spanish rule in Dominican Republic and Haiti

36
Q

Haiti was first to what?

A
  1. Haiti was the first to successfully stage a slavery revolt against the French 1791-1803
  2. Led by Dutty Boukman and Toussaint L’Overture
  3. Led to the formation of an independent nation 1804
37
Q

US begins to directly intervene in the Dominican Republic

A

1906

38
Q

The Monroe Doctrine

A
  1. 1823, panama canal

2. Stay out of Western Hemisphere “our backyard

39
Q

Simone Bolivar

A
  1. The great liberator of the Americas
40
Q

Trujillo runs un opposed for 30 years

A
  1. May of 1930
41
Q

El Corte

A
  1. 1937
  2. The cutting off
  3. Trujillo orders the Dominican Republic to kill any ?Haitians on their side of the island
  4. Known as the parsley massacre
42
Q

Minerva Mirabal

A
  1. Most active politically of the Mirabal sisters
  2. Trujillo had her killed, also was his love interest
  3. Killed in 1960
43
Q

Mejarando la raza

A
  1. Improving the stock of the racial group

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