Flashcards in ENT Deck (60):
1
clue for epiglotitis(3)
sore throat
difficulty swallowing
fever
2
harsh shrill in epiglotitis
stridor
3
most common bugs causing epiglottis(2)
Hi flu
strep pyogenes
4
why epilotitis is an emergency?
risk of airway obstruction
5
how to perform rine test
place a tuning fork on mastoid
than when the patient cannot feel it put it in front of ear
6
interpretatin of rine test normal
air conducted sound should be heard twice as long as bone conducted sound
7
abnormal rine test
bone conducted sound is longer than air conducted sound
8
importance of rine test
detect conductive hearing problem
9
weber test
helps differentiate conductive from sensorineural problem
10
how to perform weber test(2)
tuning fork is placed on forehead
sound must be equal for both ears
11
weber test loudest to the left(lateralisation to the left)
conductive problem in the left
12
why conductive problem gives lateralisation to the left
because the affected ear is cutt off from the external noise
13
weber in sensorineural problem
lateralisation to the unaffected ear
14
interpretation of weber(2)
loudest sound can mean conductive problem in the lateralized ear
can also mean sensorineural problem in the opposite ear
15
cause of conductive hearing loss(4)
cerumen impaction
middle ear fluid or infection
otosclerosis
bone tumor in the middle ear
16
Quid of otosclerosis(2)
decreased movements of small bones of the ear
stapes foot plate become fixed to the oval window
17
Rx of otosclerosis(2)
hearing amplification
surgical stapedectomy
18
age for otosclerosis
20' 30'
19
clue for leukoplakia
granular white patch in oral mucosae
20
risk factor of leukoplakia(2)
smoke
alcohol
21
complication of leukoplakia
squamous celle carcinoma in ten years
22
patient with fever chills difficulty swallowing sore throat muffled voice dx?
peritonsillar abcess
epiglotitis
23
clinical clue for peritonsillar abces helping differentiate it from epiglotitis
deviation of the uvula
unilateral lymphadenopathy
24
rx en urgence de peritonsillar abcess and why?(2)
needle peritonsillar aspiration
to prevent airway obstruction
25
dx for a patinet with recurrent mouth ulcer and abdominal pain
chron
26
work up for chron(4)
Abdominal CT
small bowell fluoroscopic study
endoscopy
biopsy
27
biopsy in chron (2)
granuloma
30% des cas
28
HIV patient with hearing problem
serous otitis media
29
physical exam for serous otitis media(2)
dull
hypomobile tympannic membrane
30
cause of serous otitis media in HIV
non infectious
auditory tube dysfunction by lymphadenopathy or obstruting lymphoma
31
type of hearing loss in serous otitis media
conductive
32
clue for presbycusis(3)
older people
60'
decreased hearing ability
33
risk factor for presbycusis(5)
age
genetics
medication
history of infection
exposure to loud noise
34
characteristic for pesbycusis
difficulty hearinf in noisy crowded environment
35
ototoxic medication(2)
furosemide
aminoglycoside
36
risk to have ototoxicity with furosemide(2)
renal failure
concomitant use of gentamycine
37
right sided ear pain in patient with normal physical exam and history of grinding teeth
temporomandibular joint dysjunction
38
Meniere disease cause
abnormal accumulation of endolymphe in inner ear
39
clue for menniere(5)
vertigo
tinnitus
sensorineural hearing loss
nystagmus
ear fullness
40
trigger of menniere(4)
salt
alcohol
caffeine
nicotine
41
medication to treat menniere
diuretics
anticholinergic
antihistamines
42
first measure in menniere(2)
lifestyle modification
salt restriction less than 2 a 3 g de sel par jour
43
If lifestyle fails in menniere what to do
medication
44
quid of vertigo
spinning sensation with nausea
45
wheezing after ingestion of aspirin
aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease
46
what is always associated with aspin induced respiratory disease
nasal polyps
47
triad for AERD
bland tasting food
recurrent nasal discharge
nasal polyps
48
complication of malignant externa otitis
skull osteomyelitis
facial nerve destruction
49
dx of complicated otitis externa malignant(2)
MRI or
CT
50
RX of Malignant externa otitis and bugs in cause(2)
pseudomonas aeruginosa
ciprox
51
patient develops neck pain and impossibilty bof open mouth after being scrathed the back of the throat by chicken bone
retropharyngeal abcess
52
Dx of retro pharyngeal abcess
CT of neck
lateral xrays of neck
53
rx of retro pharyngeal abcess
antibio
surgical drainage
54
quid of trismus
inability to open mouth
55
why retro pharyngeal abcess is an emergency
because of risk of mediastinitis
56
which neck space involvement carries the higher risk for mediastinitis?
retropharyngeal space
57
why retropharyngeal space is called danger zone
high risk of medistinitis
58
quid of ludwig angina
submandibular space infection
don't cause mediastinitis
59
diabetes with ear pain and granulation tissue in external ear
Malignant otitis externa
60