ENT Trauma and plastics Flashcards
(31 cards)
What kind of trauma can happen to the ear?
Pinna hematoma
Ear laceration
Temporal bone fracture
Sudden sensory hearing loss
How do you treat pinna hematoma?
Aspirate
Incision and drainage
Pressure drainage
How do you treat ear lacerations?
Debridement
Closure
LA
AB
What should you look for when investigating temporal bone fractures?
Hearing loss Facial palsy Vertigo CSF leakage Associated injuries Battles sign Condition of TM and ear canal
What classifications of temporal bone fracture are there?
Longitudinal
Transverse
Otic capsule involved or not
Are longitudinal or transverse temporal fractures more common?
Longitudinal
What causes longitudinal temporal fractures?
Lateral blows
Give some symptoms of a longitudinal temporal fracture?
Bleeding from EOM
Haemotympanum (conductive deafness)
Ossicular chain disruption (conductive deafness)
Facial palsy
Give some symptoms of a transverse temporal fracture?
Facial nerve palsy (50%) & Vertigo
Sensorineural hearing loss due to damage to 8th cranial nerve
Can cross the internal acoustic meatus causing damage to auditory and facial nerves
What should you do for someone with sudden sensory hearing loss?
Weber test
Steroids
What is the Weber test?
Tuning fork in front of ear and bone behind
What foreign object should you remove immediately from the ear?
Watch battery
What should you look for in nasal trauma?
Bruising, Swelling Tenderness Deviation Epistaxis Infraorbital sensation CNs Septal haematoma
How should you manage nasal fractures?
Review in 3-7 days once swelling has gone down
Manipulate <3w
What is epistaxis?
Nose bleed
What first aid can be administered for epistaxis?
External Pressure to Nose
Ice
Cautery
Nasal Packing
What hospital management can be used for epistaxis?
Remove clot: suction, nose blowing Anterior Rhinoscopy Cautery / pack Cauterise vessel: silver nitrate / diathermy 300 rigid nasendoscopy
What generally causes CSF leak?
Fracture to the cribriform plate
How many zones are there in the neck trauma classification?
3
What is included in neck trauma zone 1?
Trachea Oesophagus Thoracic duct Thyroid Vessels Brachiocephalic Subclavean Common carotid SC
What is included in neck trauma zone 2?
Larynx Hypoharynx CN 10,11,12 Vessels Carotids Internal jugular SC
What is included in neck trauma zone 3
Pharynx Cranial Nerves Vessels Carotids IJV Vertebral artery SC
What are common places for fractures in facial trauma?
Maxilla
Orbits
le Fort
How dangerous are maxilla fractures?
Potentially life threatening
