Business/trade cycle
Periodic fluctuations of national output
Periods of high rapid growth are followed by periods of low growth or decline in national output
Exchange rate
The rate at which one national currency exhanges for another
Financial instruments
Tradable financial assets such as shares equities bonds foreign currency and bank account deposits
Financialisation
Process by which financial markets,institutions and instruments become more significant in an economy
Economic gov policy’s aims
High and stable economic growth Low unemployment Low inflation Avoid BOP deficit Stable financial system