Ethnic Inequality: 40 Mark Question Plan for Ethnic Inequality

Question 1

P1 Point and location of inequality (Functionalists)

Answer 1

Functionalists argue there is ethnic inequality in society because of the host-immigrant model. Location of inequality - Family

Question 2

P1 Supporting Study (Functionalist)

Answer 2

Patterson

Question 3

What concept did Patterson create?

Answer 3

Host-immigrant model

Question 3

What is the first part of the host-immigrant model in relation to fear?

Answer 3

British people fear how immigrants coming into their country will impact their way of life

Question 3

What did Pattern say interrupted the social equilibrium of Britain in the 1950s?

Answer 3

Immigration by the Windrush Generation

Question 4

What is the second part of the host-immigrant model in relation to resentment?

Answer 4

Hosts will resent having to compete with immigrants for jobs and houses

Question 5

P1 Evaluation Study (Weberians)

Answer 5

Weber

Question 5

What is the third part of the host-immigrant model in relation to assimilation?

Answer 5

Immigrants will not assimilate into British culture

Question 6

What would Weberians argue causes ethnic inequality in the Workplace?

Answer 6

Social closure

Question 7

What might happen to a Black person in an interview for a job?

Answer 7

They might be rejected

Question 8

What is social closure?

Answer 8

The process of protecting status and power from others in society

Question 9

How does a Black person being rejected from a job relate to social closure?

Answer 9

They will be unable to get promotions in that job as they have been rejected from it

Question 10

P2 Point and location of inequality (New Right)

Answer 10

New Right sociologists believe ethnic inequality comes from equality of opportunity for Work

Question 11

P2 Supporting Study (New Right)

Answer 11

Saunders

Question 12

According to Saunders, what is equality of opportunity?

Answer 12

Where all people in society are given the same opportunities to get large rewards in society

Question 12

According to Saunders, what is equality of outcome?

Answer 12

Where all people in society get the same rewards no matter the amount of work they have put in

Question 13

What do ONS Statistics (2021) show about the percentage of Black and White people in managerial positions?

Answer 13

4.5% of Black people are in managerial positions, while 10% of White people are in managerial positions

Question 14

What would New Right sociologists say about ONS Data (2021)?

Answer 14

It shows White people work harder with the opportunities they have been given

Question 15

P2 Evaluation Study (Interactionists)

Answer 15

Gillborn

Question 16

How did teachers label Black students in Gillborn’s study?

Answer 16

Labelled them as deviant

Question 17

How did Black students respond in Gillborns study to being labelled deviant?

Answer 17

They created an anti-school subculture

Question 18

In Gillborn’s study, why did Black students create anti-school subcultures?

Answer 18

To resist racism from teachers

Question 18

What was the impact for Black students of creating an ASSC due to negative labelling?

Answer 18

Their attainment got worse

Question 19

P3 Point (Marxists)

Answer 19

The reserve army of labor creates ethnic inequality

Question 20

P3 Supporting Study (Marxists)

Answer 20

Castles and Kosack

Question 21

What is the reserve army of labor?

Answer 21

The people that can be brought into work if the working class go on strike

Question 21

Which group in society did castles and Kosack argue made up a large portion of the reserve army of labor?

Answer 21

Immigrants

Question 22

What will the reserve army of labor accept to work?

Answer 22

Lower pay

Question 23

What will the bourgeoisie be able to ensure if they have a reserve army of labour?

Answer 23

They will be able to keep making profit

Question 24

What would Murray say about why many ethnic minorities are unemployed?

Answer 24

They are unemployed by choice

Question 25

P3 Evaluation Study (New Right)

Answer 25

Murray

Question 26

According to Murray, what class has developed in society?

Answer 26

The underclass

Question 27

What do the underclass do?

Answer 27

They claim benefits

Question 28

What culture have the underclass developed, according to Murray?

Answer 28

Dependency culture

Question 29

P4 Point and location of inequality (Neo-Marxists)

Answer 29

Ethnic inequality is the reason for the formation of Youth Cultures

Question 30

P4 Supporting Study (Neo-Marxist)

Answer 30

Hebdige

Question 31

What was the purpose of forming a rastafarian youth culture?

Answer 31

It was to resist inequalities faced in society

Question 31

What ethnic minority youth culture did Hebdige study?

Answer 31

Rastafarians

Question 32

Name 2 things rastafarians did in their youth culture

Answer 32

Grew dreadlocks and listened to reggae music

Question 33

Why were these attributes present in the rastafarian youth culture?

Answer 33

So they could feel their culture was properly represented

Question 34

P4 Evaluation Study (Postmodernists)

Answer 34

Maffesoli

Question 35

What is the ethnicity situation for who can join neo-tribes?

Answer 35

People from any ethnic background can join neo-tribes

Question 35

What would Maffesoli argue about youth cultures in the present day?

Answer 35

They have been replaced with neo-tribes

Question 36

Give 2 characteristics of neo-tribes

Answer 36

No fixed set of norms and values, no deep committment to the culture

Question 37

P5 Point and Location of inequality (Neo-Marxists)

Answer 37

Hall argues ethnic inequality is enforced by the Media

Question 38

P5 Supporting Study (Neo-Marxist)

Answer 38

Hall

Question 38

What did Hall study?

Answer 38

Black muggers

Question 39

What was the reason for the Black muggers' actions in Hall's study?

Answer 39

They had to do it to survive

Question 39

What was the economic situation in Britain in the 1970s when the black muggers were present?

Answer 39

There was an economic recession

Question 40

What was the reality of the scale of black muggings in Hall's study?

Answer 40

Only a small amount of people engaged in the behaviour

Question 41

What did the media create around the Black Muggers?

Answer 41

They created a moral panic

Question 42

What fear did the media create in their report of black muggings?

Answer 42

They made it seem like all young black people were muggers

Question 43

What class of society owns media companies?

Answer 43

The Bourgeoisie

Question 44

What did Hall say was the reason for the Black Mugger moral panic?

Answer 44

To distract society from the failure of capitalism at the time

Question 45

If society was distracted by the black mugger moral panic, what would they not do?

Answer 45

They would not rise up to overthrow capitalism

Question 46

P5 Evaluation Study (Intersectional Feminists)

Answer 46

Walby

Question 47

What would Walby say are 2 other things that must be taken into account when looking at ethnic inequality?

Answer 47

Class, Gender

Question 48

What theory did Walby create?

Answer 48

Triple systems theory

Question 49

What are the 3 things that make up the triple systems theory?

Answer 49

Class, Gender, Ethnicity

Question 50

What group of people does Walby argue would be reported on the worst for their deviant actions in British society?

Answer 50

Working class black women

Question 51

What group of people does Walby argue would not be reported on as badly by the media for deviant actions in British society?

Answer 51

Middle class white men