Flashcards in Exam 1 Deck (21)
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1
Health promotion
Process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve their health
2
Risk behaviors
Behaviors that increase the probability that a negative outcome will occur
3
Risk factors
Any factors that increase the probability that a negative outcome will occur
4
Protective factors
Any factors that decrease the probability that a negative outcome will occur
5
Vulnerable population
Population w/ high lvl of risk factors and/or low level of protective factors
6
Disease
Abnormalities in the structure and function of organs and body systems, as defined by biomedicine
7
Illness
patient's subjective experience of physical or mental states, whether based on some underlying disease pathology or not
-can be socially constructed and highly controversial
8
Medicalization**
Process by which nonmedical problems become defined and treated as medical problems, usually in terms of illness or disorders
Ie. Anxiety, menopause, infertility, obesity
9
Core areas of PH
Epi
Biostats
Health policy
Env. Health
Social and behavioral science
10
Themes of behavioral and social sciences
-theory driven research
-lifespan perspective
-focus on social and biological context of behavior
-emphasis on individual variation
11
"Behavioral" refers to
-overt actions
-underlying psychological processes (cognition, emotion, temperament, and motivation)
-biobehavioral interactions
12
"Social" refers to
-sociocultural, socioeconomic, and sociodemographic status
-lvls of social context from small groups to complex cultural systems
13
Ways of understanding how things work
Theory (Shoemaker)
-expresses a relationship between 2 variables
14
Hypothesis
Testable statement about the relationship bw variables
15
Roots of SBS theories
-psychology
-sociology
-cultural anthropology
-ecology
16
Reciprocal determinism means:
There is not just a one-way linear relationship
17
Social ecology**
Ecology (study of relationships between organisms and their environments) + Social influences
18
Core principles of social ecology
1) physical, mental, and social well-being are influenced by env. Factors
2) personal characteristics and env. Conditions often have interactive as well as direct effects on well-being
3) degree of FIT bw people's biological, behavioral, and socio-cultural needs and env. Resources available to them is a key determinant of well-being
4) certain behaviors and roles in community setting exert PIVOTAL INFLUENCE on well-being
5) JOINT INFLUENCE of multiple setting and life domains on persons' health over extended periods
6) INTERDISCIPLINARY research linking perspectives of medicine, PH, behavioral/social sciences is essential for developing health promotion programs
19
Difficulties of social ecological perspective
-don't give specific guidance on variables within domains that may be important
-specific to certain health risks and behaviors
20
Tuskegee study led to what laws
National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research
National Research Act
IRBs
21
