exam 1 - intro Flashcards

(44 cards)

1
Q

medical emergency

A

urgent or pressing need for medical attention

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2
Q

who determines a medical emergency

A

owner

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3
Q

critical care patient

A

patient whose condition can deteriorate rapidly

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4
Q

icu

A

facility for management of critical care patients

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5
Q

is icu same as er

A

no

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6
Q

what are the 4 obligations to the patient

A

alleviation/prevention of pain
minimization of stress and suffering
attempted correction of disease or injury with reasonable prognosis
humane euth when needed

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7
Q

what are the 5 obligations to the client

A

honesty, courtesy, and respect
protection of client confidences
reasonable fees
informed consent
competent and caring services

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8
Q

steps to facilitating client decision making

A

avoid hasty decisions
hard decisions in emotional times
empathetic third party can expedite these decisions

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9
Q

how to deal with client disenchantment with previous vet

A

avoid criticism
listen and allow client to calm
focus on animals present condition
consider consultation with previous vets for the patient
consider reporting misdeeds after completing care

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10
Q

are there major differences with clients who cant afford care

A

no - patient must receive vets best services unless client consents to lesser services
patient must be treated the same as when client is paying in full

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11
Q

what to do about strays

A

good samaritan doesnt foot bill unless they want to
obligation to the animal for supportive care
owner once found can refuse to pay

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12
Q

when should we make the decision to treat or not

A

in advance to treatment

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13
Q

what is the decision not to treat

A

for treatable or untreatable conditions that result in poor quality of life

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14
Q

what is passive euthanasia

A

decision not to treat and not actively euthanize

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15
Q

what is negligence

A

deviation from accepted standards

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16
Q

who is held to higher standards

A

specialists

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17
Q

how does the vet-client relationship begin

A

verbal or written agreement

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18
Q

when does the vet-client contractual liability end

A

treatment is complete
care is transferred to another vet
client decides to terminate contract

19
Q

who is liable if client is told over the phone to not come into the vet

A

vet is liable

20
Q

how do we deal with financials in emergencies where costs arent communicated

A

vet is entitled to a reasonable fee

21
Q

can you prescribe meds in MO without an exam

22
Q

how to deal with euth when a client cant be contacted

A

decision must be based on good judgement
defendable if action is similar to what other vets would do

23
Q

who is liable if client helps restrain their animal

A

vet is liable if injury occurs if no foresight is given

24
Q

aspects of hospital readiness

A

ready area
wall chart for dosing
training and drill sessions
maintenance of equipment and supplies

25
what occurs in triage
1 minute consciousness airway and breathing CV assessment nervous and MS assessment
26
class I triage
most urgent, catastrophic immediate treatment needed
27
class II triage
severe, critical action needed in minutes to hours
28
class III triage
serious action needed in few hours
29
class IV triage
less serious, but pressing action needed within 24 hrs
30
not classified triage
emergency because of owners concern or convenience action when classified patients are controlled
31
what is the minimum database for emergencies
PCV and TP, glucose, BUN, USG is bareminimum usually get CBC, chem, UA
32
what does buccal mucosal bleeding time assess
platelet function
33
which is intrinsic vs extrinsic - PT and PTT
PT - extrinsic PTT - intrinsic
34
what clotting test when PT/PTT not available
activated clotting time ACT
35
what is one test that assesses hypo- and hyper-coagulopathy
thromboelastography TEG
36
what are some non-invasive monitoring tools
temp, pulse, myocardial performance, respiratory performance, urine output, blood pressure, ECG, lab tests, neuro exam, PE
37
what are some invasive monitoring techniques
central venous pressure, direct arterial pressure, pulmonary artery catheter, intra-abdominal pressure
38
what does central venous pressure reflect and what is it used for
right atrial pressure used for early detection of fluid overload during IV fluid therapy
39
normal values for central venous pressure
0-5 cm H2O varies with position of catheter tip
40
what could low CVP mean
hypovolemia, vasodilation
41
what could high CVP mean
artifact, physiological alterations hypervolemia, cardiac decompensation, cardiodepressant anesthesia or cardiopulmonary disease, increased intrathoracic pressure
42
what artifact could elevate CVP
peripheral location of catheter tip obstructed catheter
43
does elevated CVP require a response
yes - check for artifact, slow or stop IV fluids
44
where do you place catheter for direct arterial BP
dorsal pedal artery