Exam 1: Lecture 9: Nutrition truths Flashcards by Matthew Irvin

Q

What doe the AAFCO define as natural

A

food/ingredients “derived solely from plant, animal, or mined sources, either in its unprocessed state or having been subject to physical processing, heat processing, rendering, purification, extraction, hydrolysis, enzymolysis, or fermentation, but NOT having been produced by or subject to a chemically synthetic process and not containing any additives or processing aids that are chemically synthestic except in amounts as might occur unavoidably in good manufacturing practices

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Q

T/F: Non-natural ingredients allowed in “natural” pet food

A

true

Natural with added vitamins, minerals, and other trace nutrients
Disclamer must be same style, color, and at least one hald size of the term “natural”

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Q

_______: refers to the handling and processing of ingredients and products. Pet foods and pet treats must comply with the USDA’s NOP program
- ingredients sourcing
- ingredients handling
- manufacturing
- Labeling and certification of products wanting to use the work “_______” in their labeling

A

Organic

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Q

T/F: organic refers to the quality of the product

A

FALSE!!!

organic refers to the processing of the product, not the quality of the product

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Q

T/F: dogs differ from wolves behavirally and morphologically because and startch adaption

A

true

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Q

Is the following a regulatory or non-regulatory meaning

Ancestoral

A

non-regulatory

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Q

Is the following a regulatory or non-regulatory meaning

Biologically appropriate

A

non-regulatory

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Q

Is the following a regulatory or non-regulatory meaning

Human grade

A

regulatory

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Q

Human grade defined by the AAFCO is?

A

only acceptable in reference to the product as a whole. The feed term specifies that every ingredient and the resulting product must be stored, handled, processed, and transported in a manner that is consistent and compliant with 21 CFR and 117 and those applicable federal human food laws require by ingredient, process / facility type

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Q

Does the following term have a regulatory meaning?

natural

A

yes, IF AAFCO definition

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Q

Does the following term have a regulatory meaning?

organic

A

yes, if USDA seal (applies to ingredient handling and processing)

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Q

Does the following term have a regulatory meaning?

ancestoral

A

no

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Q

Does the following term have a regulatory meaning?

biological appropriate

A

no

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Q

Does the following term have a regulatory meaning?

holistic

A

no

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Q

Does the following term have a regulatory meaning?

human-grade

A

yes (applies to manufacturing facility)

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Q

What are the main reasons people feed raw

A

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Q

Raw meat is more likely to be contaminated by a pathogen, like _____ and _____, which are zoonotic disease
- Also H1N1

Study These Flashcards

A

salmonella
Listeria

Q

Commercial raw meat based diets can be good if?

Study These Flashcards

A

If the commercial manufacturer is proactive about pathogen elimination
High pressure processing (HPP) + probiotics + testing final product for pathogens
Manufactured by a team who is properly trained and test protocol efficacy

Q

When giving faw food was is the concern with bones

Study These Flashcards

A

GI foreign body risk

Q

When giving faw food was is the concern with anti-nutritional factors

Study These Flashcards

A

avidin in raw eggs
Thiaminases in raw fish

Q

What are the benefits to animal byproducts

Study These Flashcards

A

protein / amino acids
micronutrients

Q

What is defined as non-rendered clean parts of carcasses of slaightered poultry, such as heads, feet and viscera, free from fecal contamination and foreign matter except in such trace amounts as might occur unavoidably in good factory practice. If the product bears a name descriptive of its kind, it must correspond thereto

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A

poultry byproducts

Q

What is defined as consistent of the ground, rendered, clean parts of the carcass of slaughtered poultry, such as neck, feet, undeveloped eggs and intestines, exclusive of feathers excpet in such amounts as might occur unavoidably in good processing practices

Study These Flashcards

A

poultry by-product meal

Q

Is organ meat or skeletal muscle more concentrated in microminerals

Study These Flashcards

A

organ meat

Is corn or rice more concentrated in microminerals

corn

What is defined as the non-rendered, clean parts, other meat, derived from slaughtered mammals. it includes, but not limited to, lungs, spleen, kidneys, brain, livers, blood, bone, partially de-fatted low temperature fatty tissue and stomachs and intestines freed of their contents. it does not include hair, horns, teeth or hoofs. It shall be suitable for use in animal feed

meat byproducts

What is defined as rendered product from mammal tissue, exclusive of any added blood, hair, hoof, horn, hide trimmings, manure, stomach, and rumen contents excpet in such amounts as may occur unavoidably in good processing practices

Meat meal

Grain is a source energy (_____)

starch

Amino acids; gluten (grain protein) and micronutrients are all essential nutrients coming from?

grains

T/F: No evidence that grain-free is superior, except in isolated cases where patients truly seem to do better with a grain free diet - EX: gluten enteropathy

true

If a patients issues (EX: GI or skin) improve on a grain-free diet, what do you want to consider?

what else is different about the diet other than the lack of grain

What is the issue between grain-free and DCM?

current response, there is an ongoing investigation regarding a link between a specific type of cardiac disease dilated cardiomyopathy's or DCM and diet.....cases have been linked to grain-free diets; however, the cause does not simply seem to be due to absense of grains

What is defined as - No official definition - Alternative to commercial wet food - can have higher digestability than some kibble

"Fresh" food

T/F: Kibble is the same as processed human food

false, it is not the same

Are vegertarian diets an option for dogs?

yes

Which species have a dietary requirement for some fatty acids that only come from animal tissue and what are these FA?

cats amino acids / retinol / arachidonic acid / vitamin B12

T/F: "AAFCO Approved" pet food is used for testin

false, this pet AAFCO approved pet food does not exist

T/F: AAFCO is neither a regulatory or testing/approval agency

TRUE

When talking to owners about a diet, what do you want to clarify?

Goals of the diet - this provides helpful context when helping clients navigate pet food

What are some pet food characteristics that drive purchasing decisions

ingredients look smell sustainability cost where it is manufactured various options

When talking about pet food, you as a veterinarian need to.....

Share your goals of the diet and admit bias (food companies)