posterior muscle groups (7)
- erector spinae group
- transversospinalis group
- splenii
- suboccipitals
- quadratus lumborum
- intertransversarii & interspinales
- serratus posterior, superior, and inferior
purpose of posterior muscles
spinal muscles (trunk/ neck)
- extend
- rotate
- laterally flex
purpose of erector spinae group
- brings body back to neutral after flexing
- works w/ abdominals for static standing
purpose of transversospinalis group
- deep to erector spinae muscles
- connect individual vertebrae
- deep postural stability
- rotational
- down the spine
purpose of splenii
- rotation
- lateral flexion
- extension of head/ neck
muscles of splenii
- splenius capitis
- splenius cervicis
purpose of suboccipitals
POSTERIOR
- paired; deepest neck muscles
- stabilize head
- small, precise movements
- extension/ rotation of head
- lateral flexion/ extension
- rotation of atlantoaxial joint
prevertebral
ANTERIOR
purpose of quadratus lumborum
- stabilizes lower back
- elevates pelvis
- flexes trunk laterally
purpose of intertransversarii
- stabilize
- lateral flexion between vertebrae
purpose of interspinales
- trunk extension
anterior muscle groups (5)
- sternocleidomastoid
- scalenes
- abdominal muscles
- diaphragm
- intercostals
purpose of anterior muscles
trunk/ neck
- stabilize
- laterally flex
purpose of sternocleidomastoid
- contralateral rotation
- lateral flexion
purpose of scalenes
anterior, middle, posterior
- lateral flexion of cervical spine
- related to brachial plexus, subclavian artery, TOS
abdominal muscles (4)
- rectus abdominis
- external obliques
- internal obliques
- transverse abdominis
purpose of diaphragm
- controls volume of thoracic cavity (breathing)
- “deep breathing”
- separates lungs and abdomen
purpose of intercostals
- elevation/ depression of ribs with deep breathing
purpose of rectus abdominis
SUPERFICIAL
- rectus sheath (encases muscles)
- flexes trunk
purpose of external obliques
SUPERFICIAL x1
- trunk flexion
- abdominal compression
- ipsilateral flexion
- contralateral trunk rotation
- rotate?
purpose of internal obliques
SUPERFICIAL x2
- trunk flexion
- lateral flexion
- ipsilateral trunk rotation
- rotate?
purpose of transverse abdominis
DEEP
- stabilizes pelvis and spine
- assists with lifting activities
- holds guts in place
