Exam 1 Review

Question 1

Connective tissue can repair and regenerate by the presence of _________________ cells

Answer 1

mesenchymal

Question 2

Desmosomes are an example of __________________

Answer 2

adrerens junctions

Question 3

Which of the following is needed to form microvilli?
A) microtubules
B) cilia
C) transport vesicles
D) intermediate filaments
E) microfilaments

Answer 3

E) microfilaments

Question 4

Identify the tissue shown

Answer 4

dense regular CT

Question 5

Pinocytosis is ______________?

Answer 5

type of endocytosis that involves the nonselective uptake of tiny droplets of ECF

Question 6

Which of the following type of fibers are most abundant in the spleen?
A) collagen
B) elastic
C) reticular
D) none of the above

Answer 6

C) reticular

Question 7

A macrophage is a CT cell which takes part in _________

Answer 7

phagocytosis

Question 8

Which of the following tissues reduces friction between articulating bones?
A) stratified squamous epithelia
B) dense regular CT
C) hyaline cartilage
D) fibrocartilage
E) loose CT proper

Answer 8

C) hyaline cartilage

Question 9

Which of the following tissues would have the most ground substance?
A) loose CT proper
B) elastic cartilage
C) transitional epithelium
D) dense regular CT
E) adipose tissue

Answer 9

A) loose CT proper

Question 10

As epithelial tissue is avascular, the cell must receive the nutrients via ___________

Answer 10

diffusion

Question 11

Identify this tissue

Answer 11

hyaline cartilage

Question 12

Beneath the periosteum of a bone, you would see…

Answer 12

circumferential lamellae

Question 13

Which of the following cells can move, for example from CT to blood vessels (diapediasis)?
A) melanocytes
B) adipocytes
C) fibrocytes
D) lymphocytes
E) fibroblasts

Answer 13

D) lymphocytes

Question 14

Which of the following cells play a role in calcium homeostasis?
A) chondrocytes
B) fibroblasts
C) macrophages
D) mast cells
E) osteoclasts

Answer 14

E) osteoclasts

Question 15

Vesicles formed by the golgi complex that contain strong hydrolytic and digestive enzymes = ?

Answer 15

lysosomes

Question 16

Endothelium is classified as ____________

Answer 16

simple squamous epithelium

Question 17

Cytoplasmic extensions of osteocytes that allow cell-cell communication are __________

Answer 17

canaliculi

Question 18

Transitional epithelium can be found in which of the following locations?
A) lining the body surface
B) forming the exchange surface of the lungs
C) covering bones
D) tendons
E) lining the urinary bladder

Answer 18

E) lining the urinary bladder

Question 19

The sebaceous glands that release on hair follicles use which mechanism of secretion?

Answer 19

holocrine

Question 20

Thickening of the left ventricular heart wall due to environmental stress is an example of _____________

Answer 20

hypertrophy

Question 21

Elongated, long glands are classified as tubular, rounded sac-like glands are called?

Answer 21

acinar

Question 22

CT proper contains protein fibers within the matrix, these consist of collagen, reticular, and _________ fibers

Answer 22

elastic

Question 23

The ground substance of CT proper is often described as?

Answer 23

viscous

Question 24

Identify the tissue shown

Answer 24

transitional epithelia

Question 25

Osteocytes can communicate with each other due to ______________ within the matrix

Answer 25

canaliculi

Question 26

Primary active transport is best described by which statement? A) movement of water from an area of higher to lower water concentration through a selectively permeable membrane B) use energy derived from hydrolysis to "pump" a substance across a cellular membrane against its concentration gradient C) movement of materials out of the cell by fusing of secretory vesicles with the plasma membrane D) movement of water from an area of higher to lower water concentration through a selectively permeable membrane E) indirectly use energy obtained from breakdown of ATP, involves symporters and antiporters

Answer 26

B) use energy derived from hydrolysis to "pump" a substance across a cellular membrane against its concentration gradient

Question 27

Which of the following cells would be found located within a lacunae? A) osteocyte B) microphage C) osteoclast D) fibroblast E) lymphocyte

Answer 27

A) osteocyte

Question 28

Which of the following types of connective tissue is located directly underneath the epidermis? A) reticular connective tissue B) loose areolar connective tissue C) osseous tissue D) adipose connective tissue E) elastic dense connective tissue

Answer 28

B) loose areolar connective tissue

Question 29

Acid reflux from the stomach can cause cellular changes in the adjacent esophagus, this type of pathology is known as?

Answer 29

metaplasia

Question 30

programmed cell death is known as ____________

Answer 30

apoptosis

Question 31

If you soak your hands un dishwater, you may notice that your skin absorbs water and swells. This is because your skin cells are ______________ to the _______________ dishwater

Answer 31

hypertonic, hypotonic

Question 32

Fat, or adipose tissue is correctly classified as ________________________________________?

Answer 32

connective tissue, proper, loose

Question 33

Chondroitin sulphate within cartilage is an example of ______________

Answer 33

matrix molecule

Question 34

Which of the following statements is true for merocrine secretion? A) release product into blood B) endocytosis follows exocytosis C) secretion occurs by exocytosis D) release product from its apical surface in vesicles E) whole-cell breaks down to secrete the product

Answer 34

C) secretion occurs by exocytosis

Question 35

Epithelial cells that are adapted for absorption or secretion usually have _______________ at their apical surface

Answer 35

microvilli

Question 36

Epithelium thar appears to have several layers of cells but actually has only one is classified as

Answer 36

pseudostratified epithelium

Question 37

Osseous tissue has a matrix composed of calcium phosphate and ____________

Answer 37

collagen

Question 38

Identify the tissue below

Answer 38

connective tissue proper loose areolar tissue

Question 39

Cancellous tissue is also known as _______________

Answer 39

spongy bone

Question 40

The plasma membrane of a human cell is a phospholipid bilayer containing proteins and ____________?

Answer 40

cholesterol

Question 41

A stained preparation of a tissue shows cells spaced among only 1 type of matrix fiber with lots of ground substance, this tissue is __________________?

Answer 41

reticular tissue

Question 42

The main components of connective tissue are __________________, ________________, and __________________

Answer 42

ground substance, protein fibers, specialized cells

Question 43

If the concentration of glucose in the interstitial fluid surrounding cells increase (other solutes remain constant), then ___________________

Answer 43

the cells will shrink

Question 44

Which of the following transport processes always requires metabolic energy? A) diffusion B) osmosis C) facilitated diffusion D) vesicular transport E) carrier-mediated transport

Answer 44

D) vesicular transport

Question 45

Which of the following are true about centrioles? A) forms and assembles ribosomes B) is membrane-bound organelle C) causes apoptosis D) important for organizing spindle fibers E) causes necrosis

Answer 45

D) important for organizing spindle fibers

Question 46

Which of the following are needed to form cilia? A) actin B) collagen C) intermediate filaments D) microfilaments E) microtubules

Answer 46

E) microtubules

Question 47

Which of the following tissues is avascular? A) reticular B) adipose C) areolar D) hyaline cartilage E) osseous

Answer 47

D) hyaline cartilage

Question 48

These fibers are strong yet flexible and resist force in one direction:

Answer 48

collagen