Exam 2 Part 3 Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is the difference between a nasal and oral stop?
Airflow goes through the nasal cavity in nasals
What happens to the formants in nasals?
Similar to vowels, the extra nasal cavity creates anti-resonance
How is anti-resonance created?
Resonating frequencies come in and back out to the nasal cavity
What is amplitude like in nasals?
Relatively high amplitude but not as high as vowels
What is intensity like in nasals at high frequencies?
Low intensity
Why are the formants not as intense in nasals?
Takes more time to travel through the vocal tract, into the vocal tract, then to the nasal cavity
True or false: The nasal murmer of a nasal stop can be described as lense intense and lacking distinctive high formants compared to vowels.
True
True or false: A flap or tap can be demarcated in the acoustic signal in the same way as an oral stop.
False
True or false: All monophthongs have approximately the same duration.
False
True or false: “Men, woman and children have different size acoustic vowel spaces crucially because of age or sex differences.”
False
True or false: Nasalization of vowels involves only nasal tract formants (and antiresonances originating in the sinus cavities).
False
True or false: “Diphthongs are the only kind of vowel that can have an F1 and F2 trajectory (i.e., non-static movement across time). “
False
True or false: “Fricatives, varying in place of articulation and voicing, differ in range of frequency, intensity and duration. “
True
True or false: “Formants, particularly F2 and F3, are useful acoustic cues in identifying the difference between liquids and glides.”
True
True or false: “The extrinsic factors affecting vowel duration include consonant voicing, speaker rate, utterance position effects and speaking style.”
True
True or false: “VOT, voice time onset, can be used in many cases as correlate of the voicing status of an oral stop consonant. “
True
“In working with a patient with ataxic dysarthria, which issue is most likely provide the greatest benefit in improving the client’s ability to make herself/himself understood? “
Speech timing
True or false: “Without an understanding of speech perception, an clinician may utilize particular strategies that yield limited gains for the client. “
True
True or false: Identification experiment is one where listeners are asked to label presented stimuli.
True
The speech acoustic signal is sufficiently consistent to support speech sound perception.
General auditory theory
“The articulatory movements in the production of speech sounds are perceived as gestures, and not as acoustic representations of speech sounds. “
Direct realism
Speech production and perception in humans are innate and unqiue to humans.
Motor theory
Speech production and perception in humans are innate and unqiue to humans.
Motor theory
True or false: “In early clinical speech perception research, it was discovered that relatively continious variation of the physical stimulus did result in a continuous change in the perceptual response.”
False
