Exam 2 part 4 Flashcards
(24 cards)
What is the major difference between /l/ and /r/?
/l/ has a higher F3 than /r/; /r/’s formants are closer together
What is F2 like in /l/ and /r/?
800 - 1200 Hz
What is the difference between /r/ and a vowel?
/r/ has a low amplitude/intensity
Why is F2 low in glides?
There are two places of articulation; when there are bilabials the formants will drop
Why do glides have lower intensity than liquids?
Place of articulation
Why does a palatal glide have a higher intensity than labiovelar glides?
Palatal glides have two points of articulation, the intensity will be dampened, active articulators have two barriers that the air will have to cross through that also dampens the intensity
The palatal glide that shares the same formant structure as the vowel ___
i or I
What are the phases of glides?
Onset, core, release
Why do we not confuse a child’s vowel vs. an adult’s vowel that are similar in formant structure?
Anatomical differences and the perception of the listener
Based on a linear frequency scale; Resonating frequencies as produced by the vocal tract
Production
Typically regarded as logarithmic frequency scale; Howlistenersperceiveresonating frequencies.
Perception
What are the scales that we use to model perception?
Mel, Bark, ERB
What is the most common scale we use to model perception?
Mel
As you go to a higher frequency, what happens to your perception (narrower bars on the bark scale)?
Fine tuned
What is perception like at lower frequencies (wider bars on the bark scale)?
Harder to perceive and differentiate
What is an example of a Helmholtz resonator?
[ u ]
The filter part of the source-filter model represents these properties of the speech signal?
odd multiples of the lowest resonating frequencies or formants
True or false: the decibels scale of intensity is a linear scale, whereby the amplitude of the speech signal is directly related to the sensation of how intense that the sound source is perceived by the listener
False
True or false: Anatomical differences in the vocal tract length affect the size of the speakers’ vowel space whereby longer vocal tracts will result in larger vowel spaces and smaller vocal tracts will result in smaller vowel spaces
False
In a tube with two open ends, where is maximum displacement?
At the ends
What is the configuration for the overall tube of /i/?
Closed at one end
As F1 increases what happens to the vowel height?
Increases
What happens to vowel height as you decrease F1?
Decrease
What happens to vowel backness as you increase F2?
Increase
