Exam 2 (Spring)

Question 1

The largest chamber of the ruminant stomach is the

Answer 1

rumen

Question 2

Which cell in the gastric pit secretes gastrin?

Answer 2

G cells

Question 3

Where is bile reabsorbed to be transported to the liver?

Answer 3

Ileum

Question 4

The supporting structure of the jejunum (what suspends it from the abdominal wall) is called what?

Answer 4

meso-jejunum

Question 5

Mucosal folds in the intestines are known as:

Answer 5

plicae

Question 6

The pancreas is located:

Answer 6

In the mesentery adjacent to the descending duodenum

Question 7

Where are the kidneys located?

Answer 7

Cranio-dorsal abdomen in the retroperitoneal space

Question 8

What is the toxic byproduct that is made when protein is broken down?

Answer 8

Ammonia

Question 9

What VFA is the ruminant able to utilize for glucose production?

Answer 9

Propionate

Question 10

In ruminants, the ascending colon is known as the:

Answer 10

Right ventral colon

Question 11

To be transported to the liver, unconjugated bilirubin must be bound to what?

Answer 11

Albumin

Question 12

How many canine teeth does a cat have?

Answer 12

4

Question 13

The position of the esophageal opening in relation yo the tracheal opening in the pharynx:

Answer 13

Esophagus is dorsal to the trachea

Question 14

Which one of the following animals has a dental pad?
A.) Cat
B.) Cow
C.) Dog
D.) Horse

Answer 14

cow

Question 15

What is produced by the microbial breakdown in the horse cecum?

Answer 15

Volatile fatty acids

Question 16

The surface of the tooth that faces the animal’s cheeks is the ___ surface

Answer 16

buccal

Question 17

What is the main function of the large intestines in monogastric animals?

Answer 17

absorb water

Question 18

Where will gluconeogenesis most likely take place in a ruminant

Answer 18

liver

Question 19

Look at pictures and be able to label the parts of a bovine stomach and parts of a monogastric stomach

Question 20

What 2 bones make up the hard palate?

Answer 20

Incisive and maxilla

Question 21

What lobe of the liver touches the right cranial pole of the kidney?

Answer 21

Caudate process of the caudate lobe

Question 22

Glucagon is produced by the:

Answer 22

Alpha cells of the exocrine pancreas

Question 23

Acute ruminal tympany (bloat) results from the accumulation and trapping of gas byproducts of fermentation. What two gases are these?

Answer 23

carbon dioxide and methane

Question 24

Where does the bile duct enter the GI tract?

Answer 24

duodenum

Question 25

What sphincter controls flow of bile into the duodenum?

Answer 25

Sphincter of Oddi

Question 26

The main function of bile is to what?

Answer 26

Emulsify fats

Question 27

What volitile fatty acid is the most abundant in the ruminant

Answer 27

acetate

Question 28

How many premolar teeth does a dog have on one side?

Answer 28

8

Question 29

The line in the equine stomach that separates the non glandular from the glandular stomach is known as:

Answer 29

Margo Plicatus

Question 30

Which one of the following species does not have a gall bladder? A.) bovine B.) canine C.) equine D.) feline

Answer 30

equine

Question 31

When bilirubin becomes conjugated in the liver, what is attached to it?

Answer 31

glucuronic acid

Question 32

Swallowing happens in three stages. Which stage(s) is/are voluntary and which stage(s) is/are involuntary?

Answer 32

Stage one is voluntary; stages two and three are involuntary.

Question 33

Which chamber of the ruminant stomach has mucosa that resembles pages in a book?

Answer 33

omasum

Question 34

Insulin is a hormone secreted by the

Answer 34

endocrine pancreas

Question 35

The equine cecum is located:

Answer 35

right caudal abdomen

Question 36

If you wanted to listen to the activity in the rumen of a cow, where would be the best area to place your stethoscope?

Answer 36

left lateral abdominal region

Question 37

Which species of animal uses the cecum as a fermentation chamber?

Answer 37

equine

Question 38

The cartilage that makes up part of the laryngeal cartilage and prevents food from being aspirated into the trachea is the:

Answer 38

epiglottic cartilage

Question 39

What side of the Micelle is located on the outside?

Answer 39

hydrophilic

Question 40

The liver is located just caudal to the

Answer 40

diaphragm

Question 41

Another name for swallowing is

Answer 41

deglutition

Question 42

The stomach is connected to the abdominal wall by the

Answer 42

omentum

Question 43

What type of tooth grows continually throughout most of the life of an animal?

Answer 43

radicular hypsodont teeth

Question 44

What happens when you put cows on fresh, green grass?

Answer 44

A four foot stream

Question 45

what type of cells are on the vilia of the pilicae of the small intestines

Answer 45

simple columnar with microvilli

Question 46

The equine large intestine is deficient in what, due to digestion prior to the fermentation center?

Answer 46

Nitrogen

Question 47

The check teeth are the

Answer 47

premolars and molars

Question 48

Which type of glandular cells in the stomach secrete pepsonigen?

Answer 48

chief cells

Question 49

Specific macrophages in the hepatic lobule are known as what?

Answer 49

Kupffer cells

Question 50

How many incisor teeth pairs does a cow have?

Answer 50

3

Question 51

What is the effect of insulin on blood glucose levels?

Answer 51

Lowers blood glucose

Question 52

Which of these is the correct flow of ingesta in the equine colon after leaving the equine cecum?

Answer 52

Cecum, right ventral colon, sternal flexure, left ventral colon

Question 53

The stomach is found in the

Answer 53

left cranial abdomen

Question 54

The rudimentary tooth horses sometimes develop, is which tooth specifically?

Answer 54

Maxillary Premolar 1

Question 55

Which describes the carnivores ascending colon?

Answer 55

short and straight

Question 56

The innermost layer of the GI tract is the:

Answer 56

Mucosa

Question 57

In the Triadan System for documenting teeth, the canine tooth always ends with which number

Answer 57

04