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Micro Anatomy > Exam 3 Nervous System > Flashcards

Exam 3 Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 categories of NS?

A

CNS and PNS

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2
Q

What are the two subdivisions of the PNS?

A

ANS and SNS

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3
Q

What are the 2 subdivisions of the ANS

A

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic

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4
Q

Membranous coverings of brain and spinal cord

A

Meninges

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5
Q

What are the 4 meningeal layers covering the brain?

A
  1. Dura mater- outermost
  2. Arachnoid memb. attached to dura mater
  3. Subarachnoid space
  4. Pia Mater
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6
Q

What are the 2 types of nervous tissue?

A
  1. Neurons

2. Neuroglia

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7
Q

What are the 2 categories of neurolial nervous tissues?

A

CNS and PNS

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8
Q

What are the 4 types of Neuroglia cells are located in the CNS?

A
  1. Astrocytes
  2. Oligodendroglia
  3. Microglial cells
  4. Ependymal cells
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9
Q

What are the 2 types of Neuroglia cells located in the PNS?

A
  1. Schwaan cells

2. Satellite cells

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10
Q

The _____ matter is formed by dense accumulations of myelinated axons.

A

White

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11
Q

The _____ matter is rich in neuronal cell bodies, glial cells, and neuropil.

A

Gray

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12
Q

The axons, dendrites, and cytoplasmic projections of glial cells that form the background matrix within the gray matter.

A

Neuropil

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13
Q

T/F White matter is central in the spinal cord and peripheral in the brain.

A

F Peripheral in SC and Central in Brain

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14
Q

The functional cells of the NS

A

Neurons

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15
Q

What are the 2 properties of neurons?

A
  1. Irritability (generation of impulse)

2. Conductivity (ability to transmit impulse)

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16
Q

T/F All neurons are located entirely in the CNS

A

F. Can be entirely w/i the CNS or entirely or partially w/i PNS

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17
Q

Provide support and the myelin sheath to axons w/i the CNS

A

Oligodendrocytes

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18
Q

T/F Oligodendrocytes form myelin sheaths for several axons at once?

A

T

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19
Q

What are the 3 functions of Microglia?

A
  1. immunosurveillance
  2. immunoregulation
  3. Reparative (phagocytic)
20
Q

Microglial cells that are globular and swollen after having phagocytized debris from injured cells

A

Gitter Cells

21
Q

What are the 2 origins of the CNS?

A
  1. Ectodermal

2. Mesodermal

22
Q

What components of the CNS are of Ectodermal origin?

A
  1. Neurons
  2. Astrocytes
  3. Oligodendrocytes
23
Q

What components of the CNS are of Mesodermal origin?

A
  1. Microglia

2. Vascular endothelium

24
Q

What is another name for the body of a neuron?

A

Perikaryon

25
What are the 4 ways neurons are distributed throughout the body?
1. Individually 2. Layers 3. Ganglia (PNS) 4. Nuclei (CNS)
26
What is the ageing pigment found in neurons
Lipofuscin
27
What are the 3 parts of a synapse?
1. Presynaptic part 2. Intersynaptic cleft 3. Post synaptic part
28
What do the synaptic vesicles contain in a stimulatory synapse?
Acetylcholine
29
What do the synaptic vesicles contain in an inhibitory synapse?
GABA
30
The supporting cels within the brain
Neuroglia
31
What are the two types of astrocytes?
1. Protoplasmic (grey matter) | 2. Fibrillar (white matter)
32
What are the 3 functions of astrocytes?
1. Transport of nutrients 2. Part of BBB 3. Antigen presentation
33
What is the main function of oligodendrocytes?
develop and maintain myelin in CNS
34
Resident macrophage of CNS
Microglial cells
35
When microglial cells are activated during necrosis or inflammation they are called _____
Gitter cells
36
Cells that cover the papillary projections within the lateral ventricles, 3rd ventricle, and 4th ventricle
Ependymal cells
37
T/F some ependymal cells are ciliated?
T. ependymal cells lining the central canal have cilia to help the circulation of CSF
38
Transudate, formed by capillaries and ependymal cells, that nourishes CNS tissues and acts as a cushion
CSF
39
The total volume of CSF is formed and renewed ___ times a day
3
40
What are the 4 layers of the Cerebellum?
1. molecular layer 2. ganglionic cell layer 3. granular cell layer 4. white matter core
41
What is the aditional layer of the cerebellum found in fetuses called?
External granular cell layer
42
A collection of neurons in the CNS having a common function
Nucleus
43
Collections of Axons/Dendrites outside CNS
Nerves
44
Collections of neuronal cell bodies and processes found outside CNS
Ganglia
45
What are the 4 cell types of ganglion?
1. neurons 2. neuroglial cells 3. schwann cells 4. Endothelial cells
46
What are the 2 types of ganglia?
1. Sensory | 2. Autonomic
47
Situated between the inner and outer longitudinal layers of the tunica muscularis, helps control peristaltic movement of the GI tract
Myenteric Plexus

Micro Anatomy (16 decks)

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