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A&P 2 > Exam Three: Third Chapter > Flashcards

Exam Three: Third Chapter Flashcards

1
Q

Arteries

A

carry blood away from heart

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2
Q

Veins

A

Carry blood back to heart

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3
Q

Capillaries

A

Connect the smallest arteries to smallest veins

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4
Q

Tunica Interna

A

lines blood vessels, exposed to blood

repels RBCs and Platelets from adhering

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5
Q

Tunica Media

A

smooth muscle

Vasomotion, change in diameter for vessels

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6
Q

Tunica Externa

A

loose connective tissue

anchors blood vessels

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7
Q

3 classes of Arteries (by size)

A

conducting
distributing
resistance

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8
Q

Aneurysm

A

weak point in artery or heart wall that ruptures

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9
Q

Carotid sinuses

A

baroreceptors, in walls of internal carotid artery

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10
Q

Carotid Bodies

A

chemoreceptors, in branches of internal carotid artery

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11
Q

Aortic Bodies

A

on wall of aortic arch

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12
Q

Continuous

A

occurs in most tissue, passage of small solutes

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13
Q

Fenestrated

A

in organs that require rapid absorption and filtration, passage of small solutes

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14
Q

Sinusoids

A

liver, bone marrow, and spleen

passage of large solutes

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15
Q

Postcapillary Venules

A

smallest, receive blood from capillaries

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16
Q

Muscular Venules

A

receive blood from postcapillary venules

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17
Q

Medium Veins

A

contain venous valves that stop blood form dropping back

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18
Q

Venous Sinuses

A

thin walls and NO smooth muscle, NO vasomotion

19
Q

Large Veins

A

Smooth muscle in all 3 tunics

20
Q

Portal System

A

blood flow through two consecutive capillary networks before returning to the heart

21
Q

Anastomosis

A

where two blood vessels meet

22
Q

Arteriovenous Anastomosis

A

blood flows directly from artery to vein bypassing capillaries

23
Q

Venous Anastomosis

A

Most common, one vein empties directly into another

24
Q

Arterial Anastomosis

A

two arteries merge, alternative route for blood supply

25
Q

blood flow

A

amount of blood flowing at a given time

26
Q

Perfusion

A

flow / given volume or mass of tissue in a given time

27
Q

Hemodynamic

A

Physical principles of blood flow

pressure and resistance

28
Q

Blood Pressure

A

force blood exerts against vessel wall

29
Q

Pulse Pressure

A

difference between systolic and diastolic pressure

30
Q

MAP

A

mean pressure one obtains by taking measurements at several intervals during cardiac cycle

31
Q

Peripheral Resistance

3 variable

A

Opposition to flow blood encounters in vessels away from the heart

viscosity
vessel length
vessel radius

32
Q

3 Waves controlling vasomotion

A

local control
neural control
hormonal control

33
Q

Mechanisms involved in Capillary Exchange

A

Diffusion
transytosis
filtration
reabsorption

34
Q

Edema

main causes

A

Accumulation of excess fluid tissue

increased capillary filtration
reduced capillary reabsorption
Obstructed lymphatic drainage

35
Q

Mechanisms of Venous Return

A 
pressure gradient 
gravity 
skeletal muscle pump 
thoracic pump 
cardiac suction
36
Q

Low Venous Return

A

cardiac output is low bc little blood is returning to the heart

37
Q

Circulatory shock

A

Cardiac output insufficient to meet body’s metabolic needs

38
Q

Cardiogenic shock

A

Inadequate pumping by heart caused by myocardial infarction

39
Q

Hypovolemic

A

Most common

Loss of blood volume from trauma, bleeding, ulcers,burns

40
Q

Instructed venous return

A

Any object compress a vein and impedes blood flow

41
Q

Venous pooling

A

Body has normal total blood volume but too much in lower body

42
Q

Neurogenic

A

Loss of vasomotor tone

43
Q

Septic

A

Bacterial toxins trigger vasodilation n increase capillary permeability

44
Q

Anaphylactic shock

A

Immune reaction that causes histamine release

A&P 2 (13 decks)

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