Exam Three: Third Chapter

Question 1

Arteries

Answer 1

carry blood away from heart

Question 2

Veins

Answer 2

Carry blood back to heart

Question 3

Capillaries

Answer 3

Connect the smallest arteries to smallest veins

Question 4

Tunica Interna

Answer 4

lines blood vessels, exposed to blood

repels RBCs and Platelets from adhering

Question 5

Tunica Media

Answer 5

smooth muscle

Vasomotion, change in diameter for vessels

Question 6

Tunica Externa

Answer 6

loose connective tissue

anchors blood vessels

Question 7

3 classes of Arteries (by size)

Answer 7

conducting
distributing
resistance

Question 8

Aneurysm

Answer 8

weak point in artery or heart wall that ruptures

Question 9

Carotid sinuses

Answer 9

baroreceptors, in walls of internal carotid artery

Question 10

Carotid Bodies

Answer 10

chemoreceptors, in branches of internal carotid artery

Question 11

Aortic Bodies

Answer 11

on wall of aortic arch

Question 12

Continuous

Answer 12

occurs in most tissue, passage of small solutes

Question 13

Fenestrated

Answer 13

in organs that require rapid absorption and filtration, passage of small solutes

Question 14

Sinusoids

Answer 14

liver, bone marrow, and spleen

passage of large solutes

Question 15

Postcapillary Venules

Answer 15

smallest, receive blood from capillaries

Question 16

Muscular Venules

Answer 16

receive blood from postcapillary venules

Question 17

Medium Veins

Answer 17

contain venous valves that stop blood form dropping back

Question 18

Venous Sinuses

Answer 18

thin walls and NO smooth muscle, NO vasomotion

Question 19

Large Veins

Answer 19

Smooth muscle in all 3 tunics

Question 20

Portal System

Answer 20

blood flow through two consecutive capillary networks before returning to the heart

Question 21

Anastomosis

Answer 21

where two blood vessels meet

Question 22

Arteriovenous Anastomosis

Answer 22

blood flows directly from artery to vein bypassing capillaries

Question 23

Venous Anastomosis

Answer 23

Most common, one vein empties directly into another

Question 24

Arterial Anastomosis

Answer 24

two arteries merge, alternative route for blood supply

Question 25

blood flow

Answer 25

amount of blood flowing at a given time

Question 26

Perfusion

Answer 26

flow / given volume or mass of tissue in a given time

Question 27

Hemodynamic

Answer 27

Physical principles of blood flow pressure and resistance

Question 28

Blood Pressure

Answer 28

force blood exerts against vessel wall

Question 29

Pulse Pressure

Answer 29

difference between systolic and diastolic pressure

Question 30

MAP

Answer 30

mean pressure one obtains by taking measurements at several intervals during cardiac cycle

Question 31

Peripheral Resistance 3 variable

Answer 31

Opposition to flow blood encounters in vessels away from the heart viscosity vessel length vessel radius

Question 32

3 Waves controlling vasomotion

Answer 32

local control neural control hormonal control

Question 33

Mechanisms involved in Capillary Exchange

Answer 33

Diffusion transytosis filtration reabsorption

Question 34

Edema main causes

Answer 34

Accumulation of excess fluid tissue increased capillary filtration reduced capillary reabsorption Obstructed lymphatic drainage

Question 35

Mechanisms of Venous Return

Answer 35

``` pressure gradient gravity skeletal muscle pump thoracic pump cardiac suction ```

Question 36

Low Venous Return

Answer 36

cardiac output is low bc little blood is returning to the heart

Question 37

Circulatory shock

Answer 37

Cardiac output insufficient to meet body’s metabolic needs

Question 38

Cardiogenic shock

Answer 38

Inadequate pumping by heart caused by myocardial infarction

Question 39

Hypovolemic

Answer 39

Most common Loss of blood volume from trauma, bleeding, ulcers,burns

Question 40

Instructed venous return

Answer 40

Any object compress a vein and impedes blood flow

Question 41

Venous pooling

Answer 41

Body has normal total blood volume but too much in lower body

Question 42

Neurogenic

Answer 42

Loss of vasomotor tone

Question 43

Septic

Answer 43

Bacterial toxins trigger vasodilation n increase capillary permeability

Question 44

Anaphylactic shock

Answer 44

Immune reaction that causes histamine release