Exam Winter 2023 Flashcards
(35 cards)
Which of the following systems were the first to offer real-time collaborative editing?
Youtube
Engelbart’s NLS/Augment
WorldWideWeb
The Xerox Star
Engelbart’s NLS/Augment
A cognitive walkthrough requires the following number of real users as test subjects to produce valid results
12
6
20
None
None
What does the term ‘affordance’ mean in the context of HCI?
The perceived cost (time, money, effort) of performing an action with a user interface.
How visually appealing a user interface is.
A degree of effectiveness of a user interface in achieving the user’s goals.
The perceived action possibilities of a user interface element
The perceived action possibilities of a user interface element
Assuming a typing tasks that involves occasional low precision pointing, an as low
acquisition time as possible is preferred. Which of the following input devices would best realise that?
A mouse
A trackpad
A joystick
A trackpoint
A trackpoint
According to Shneiderman’s Golden Rules, what does “Strive of Consistency” imply?
Ensuring that the user interface is uniform and predictable.
Ensuring that the aesthethics of the user interface is appealing.
Ensuring that the user interface offers multiple interaction techniques for the same interaction
task.
The the design of the user interface shouldn’t appear too soft (many rounded corners, low
contrast, etc.)
Ensuring that the user interface is uniform and predictable.
According to activity theory, what is the ‘subject’ of an activity?
- The object or goal that the activity is directed towards.
- The individual (or group) performing the activity.
- The tool used to realise the activity.
- The division of labour in the activity
The individual (or group) performing the activity.
What is the goal of conducting a cognitive walkthrough?
- Identifying inconsistencies in the aesthetics of the user interface.
- Making sure that a certain set of interactions take as short time as possible.
- Identifying unneccesarry features.
- Identifying potential challenges in understanding how to perform tasks in the user interface
Identifying potential challenges in understanding how to perform tasks in the user interface
The concept of ‘degrees of freedom’ says something about the capabilities of an input device. How does it impact usability of a user interface?
- Higher degrees of freedom means more usable user interface.
- Higher degrees of freedom means more unrestricted interaction and therefore increased ease of
use. - Degrees of freedom makes no different when it comes to usability.
- Degrees of freedom influences the complexity of possible interactions in a user interface
Degrees of freedom influences the complexity of possible interactions in a user interface
What does the term ‘controller resistance’ refer to?
- How difficult it is to learn to use a given input device.
- The minimum time between two actions performed with an input device.
- The type of resistance an input device gives when force is applied to it.
- Determines the electrical current needed for the sensors to pick up movement from a pointing device.
The type of resistance an input device gives when force is applied to it.
What does the concept of ‘modes’ refer to?
- Different types of interfaces: Command-line, direct manipulation, etc.
- Distinct functional states a user interface can be in with each its set of possible actions the user
can perform. - Whether an input device uses absolute or relative pointing.
- The different steps involved in a complex interaction such as, e.g., creating a new account in a system or buying a product in a web shop
Distinct functional states a user interface can be in with each its set of possible actions the user
can perform.
What is the difference between internationalisation and localisation.
- No difference, they are synonyms.
- Internationalisation is the process of designing and developing software that can be adapted to different languages and cultures, localisation is the process of adapting software a specific country or culture.
- Localisation is the process of designing and developing software that can be adapted to different languages and cultures, internationalisation is is the process of adapting software a specific country or culture.
- Internationalisation is the process of translating software to different languages and localisation
is the process of adapting software to adhere to specific cultural norms
Internationalisation is the process of designing and developing software that can be adapted to different languages and cultures, localisation is the process of adapting software a specific country or culture.
When it comes to visual design in a user interface, why is it recommended to use fewer borders and use spacing instead?
- It isn’t, you should always use borders to separate content.
- It reduces visual clutter in the interface.
- It better emphasises visual hierarchy.
- It provides a better balance between elements in the interface
It reduces visual clutter in the interface.
What does the term ‘balance’ relate to in visual design of user interfaces?
- The arrangement or proportion of design elements.
- The mixture between light and dark colors in the user interface.
- The amount of text vs. icons in the user interface.
- The amount of static and interactive content in the user interface.
The arrangement or proportion of design elements.
What does the Hick-Hyman law relate to?
- The relationship between pointing time, distance to and size of target.
- The relationship between hierarchy depth and selection time in drop-down menus.
- The impact of cognitive load on decision-making time.
- The number of participants needed in a controlled experiment for the results to have statistical
significance.
The impact of cognitive load on decision-making time.
How can the gestalt principle of proximity be used in interface design?
- It has no direct application in interface design.
- It can be applied by grouping related elements to imply their significance and coherence.
- It can be applied by distributing elements in the interface to create a more dynamic experience.
- It can be applied by moving unrelated elements as far as possible from each other to avoid confusion.
It can be applied by grouping related elements to imply their significance and coherence.
Gestalt theory can as one of the few theories we have encountered in the course be
used as:
- An explanatory theory
- A descriptive theory
- A predictive theory
- A prescriptive theory
A prescriptive theory
You are conducting an experiment comparing the typing speed of different input devices for text entry. What would the independent and dependent variables of the experimental design be?
- Independent: Text entry speed, Dependent: Type of input device
- Independent: Type of input device, Dependent: Text entry speed
- Independent: Text entry speed, Dependent: User satisfaction
- Independent: User satisfaction, Dependent: Text entry speed
Independent: Type of input device, Dependent: Text entry speed
Which of the following statements about field studies is correct?
- Prioritizes external validity by observing participants in their natural contexts.
- Takes place in a controlled laboratory environment.
- Participants are always unaware that they are taking part in a study.
- Allows for the manipulation of variables to isolate causal relationship
Prioritizes external validity by observing participants in their natural contexts.
What is the role of hypotheses in experimental design?
- They are the summary of findings from the experiment after the data has been collected.
- They are the ethical guidlines for conducting the experiment.
- They describe the specific steps of the experiment.
- They are testable predictions about the relationship between variables in the experiment
They are testable predictions about the relationship between variables in the experiment
What type of HCI problem is the following: Is pointing in VR faster when combining
finger tracking with eye tracking rather than finger tracking alone?
- Constructive
- Empirical
- Conceptual
- Phenomenologica
Empirical
Given the following HTML
<ul>
<li>List item 1</li>
<li>List item 2</li>
<li>List item 3</li>
</ul>
<p>This is an important message</p>
Which of the following lines of Javascript will result in an object representing the second list item?
document.query(“.important”);
document.querySelectorAll(“.important”);
document.querySelectorAll(“li”)[1];
document.querySelector(“ul”).childSelector(2);
document.querySelectorAll(“li”)[1];
When considering the visual appearance of elements in a web page, what methods can
be used to change it?
- The visual appearance can only be modified by directly modifying HTML or CSS.
- Changes to visual appearance can only be achieved by using the browser’s developer tools.
- After a page has been loaded from the server, it is not possible to change the visual appearance.
- The visual appearance of elements can be programatically modified using JavaScript.
The visual appearance of elements can be programatically modified using JavaScript.
What is needed to turn an image into an image link?
- Add an href attribute with the target URL to the image tag.
- It must be done by handling a click event through JavaScript.
- It cannot be done.
- Embed the image tag in an anchor tag
Embed the image tag in an anchor tag
What technologies can be used for animations in a web-based user interface?
- Just CSS and HTML.
- Just the canvas element through Javascript.
- CSS and the canvas element.
- Animations are not possible
CSS and the canvas element.
The Earth, our home in the vast cosmos, is a captivating celestial body that has intrigued humanity for centuries. One fundamental aspect that has been scientifically established is the Earth's spherical shape. This realization, supported by extensive evidence and observation, has revolutionized our understanding of the planet we inhabit.
Hello, world!
"; - console.log("Hello, world!"); - const fs = require("fs");
