Exercise Flashcards
What do muscles need ?
energy from respiration to contract . When you exercise, some of your muscles contract more frequently so you need more energy. This energy comes from increased respiration.
The increase in respiration in your cells mean you need to get more oxygen in them.
Your breathing rate and breathe volume increases to get more oxygen into the blood and your heart rate increases to get this oxygenated blood around the body faster. This removed co2 more quickly at the same time.
What is the primary source of energy for muscle contraction during exercise?
Energy from respiration
This energy is essential for muscles that contract more frequently during exercise.
What physiological change occurs in respiration when exercising?
Increased respiration
This increase is necessary to meet the energy demands of the muscles.
What does increased respiration in cells require?
More oxygen
Oxygen is crucial for producing energy through respiration.
What happens to breathing rate and volume during exercise?
Both increase
This is to enhance oxygen intake into the blood.
How does the heart respond to increased respiration during exercise?
Heart rate increases
This helps deliver oxygenated blood throughout the body more quickly.
What is the effect of increased respiration on carbon dioxide removal?
CO2 is removed more quickly
This is important for maintaining acid-base balance and preventing buildup of carbon dioxide.
When you do really vigorous exercise
- body can’t supply enough oxygen to your muscles quickly enough so they respire anaerobically , This is not the best way to transfer energy from glucose because lactic acid builds up in muscles which gets painful
- Long periods of exercise cause muscle fatigue - muscles get tired and stop contracting efficiently
After resorting to anaerobic respiration, when you stop exercising you’ll have
oxygen debt
- oxygen debt = the amount of extra oxygen your body needs to react with the build up of lactic acid and remove it from cells. Oxygen react with lactic acid to from harmless co2 and water.
In other words, repay oxygen you didn’t get to your muscles in time as lungs, heart and blood couldn’t keep up with demand earlier on.
This means you’ll have to keep breathing hard for a while after you stop, to get more oxygen into blood which is then transported to muscle cells
What happens to lactic acid during oxygen debt?
It is converted to harmless CO2 and water through the reaction with oxygen.
What must you do after exercise to address oxygen debt?
Keep breathing hard for a while to get more oxygen into the blood. The pulse and breathing rate stay high while there are high levels of lactic acid and co2.
Your body also has another way of coping with high levels of lactic acid. The blood that enters your muscles transports lactic acid to liver. In liver, lactic acid converted back to glucose
How can you measure breathing rate ?
counting breathes and heart rate by taking a pulse.
e.g. take pulse 5 min after sitting
5 min after walking
5 min after running
plot results in bar chart
Your pulse rate will increase the more intense the exercise is as your body needs to get more oxygen to muscles and take more co2 from muscles.
To reduce effect of any random errors on your results, do it as a group and plot the average pulse rate for each exercise
