export_cnslp lectures (1)

Question 1

Name the 3 hypothalamic regions

Answer 1

1. CD = Mammillary
2. Intermediate = tuberal
3. R = chiasmatic

Supraopt & Preoptic

Question 2

What is the purpose of the CD hypothal group?

Answer 2

mamm bodies

smell

Question 3

what is the fct of the intermediate group?

Answer 3

connect post pit gland to infundibulum.

VMH, DMH, ARC, LHA

Question 4

What is the fct of the supraoptic nuc?

Answer 4

PVN & SON go to post pit gland, AHN and SCN

Question 5

what is the fct of the preoprtic?

Answer 5

part of the hypothalamus

Question 6

What nuclei control GI stim

Answer 6

dorsomed nuc

Question 7

Where in the hypo is hunger and satiety controlled?

Answer 7

hunger - lateral hypo area

satiety - ventromed

Question 8

What is the paraventricular nucleus responsible for?

Answer 8

Oxytocin release and water conservation

Question 9

What is the supraoptic chiasmic nuc job?

Answer 9

ADH release

Question 10

how do hypothalamic hormones arrive at pit gland

Answer 10

• ANT pit = n-horm into cap (1) then pituitary hormones released into cap (2) = portal venous system
• POST pit = n-horm into cap

Question 11

what hormones are prod by the ant pit?

Answer 11

FLAT PiG

Question 12

what is the role of the mamillary bodies?

Answer 12

smell and feeding

Question 13

what is themain role of the nuclei in the tuberal/intermediate region of the hypothal?

Answer 13

feeding

Question 14

where is temperature regulation in thehypo?

Answer 14

supraoptic chiasmic area, in AHN

Question 15

what area controls cardiac fct?

Answer 15

preoptic chiasmic

Question 16

what is the periventricular nuclei role?

Answer 16

fear, reward…

Question 17

what is the purpose of the limbic system?

Answer 17

homeostasis
motivation

emotion

(inc olfaction)

Question 18

What are the main componants of the limbic system?

Answer 18

hippocampus; hypothal; amygdala; basal ganglia; anterior thalamic nuc and paraolfactory

Question 19

what is the reticular formation?

Answer 19

sensory info being recieved prevents sleep. RF in brainstem by pons and projects into cerebral cortex

Question 20

if the LHA (later hypoth area) is lesioned, what happens?

Answer 20

stupor and cataplezy

Question 21

where is orexin produced?

Answer 21

LHA

Question 22

what is orexin?

Answer 22

causes arousal and waking. R found extensivley.

Question 23

what are the 2 pos causes of narcolepsy?

Answer 23

orexin R abnormality (LAB)
abnormal orexin (dobies)

Question 24

Appeitie sensors inhibit satiety, T or F?

Answer 24

F

Question 25

what is the glucostat theory?

Answer 25

that hunger depends on blood glucose. eg hunger = high, then bglucose will be low

Question 26

what is the lipostat theory of appetite?

Answer 26

fat produces leptin which has R in brain. HIgh leptin = high fat = fat needs to decrease

Question 27

Does leptin stimulate neurones which inhibit or stim feeding?

Answer 27

Inhibits

Question 28

Eating i sassoc with dopamine release. Why does obesity lead to desensitisation?

Answer 28

Inc Dopam release, causes decreased number of receptors

Question 29

NAme the 3 lobes of the cerebellum

Answer 29

Rost Cd (both = motor control) Flocculonodular (balance)

Question 30

What is the main purpose of the cerebllum?

Answer 30

refine movement balance coord

Question 31

what are the pyramindal tracts involved in?

Answer 31

skilled learned vol

Question 32

what are the extra-pyramidal tracts involved in?

Answer 32

invol antigravity posture

Question 33

hw does the cerebellum act to amend improper movenment

Answer 33

fback to red nucleus (EP tract) thalamus LMN --> not as efficient with rapid movement (practice)

Question 34

What is the cerebellum, pyramida and extrapyramidal tracts part of?

Answer 34

UMN groups

Question 35

Perkinje axons, in the arbor vitae synapse where?

Answer 35

deep cerebellar nuc in deep grey matter

Question 36

what do the cerebellar peduncles do?

Answer 36

Cd - afferent --> cerebellum (vestib, proprioceptors) Mid - UMN from cerebr cortex --> cerebellum Cr - Efferent from cerebell --> red nuclei and thalamus

Question 37

what is learning?

Answer 37

change in behaviour --> reward or avoidance

Question 38

what are the 2 forms of memory

Answer 38

declarative | procedural

Question 39

where is STM help?

Answer 39

hippcampus

Question 40

where is LTM help?

Answer 40

cerebral cortex

Question 41

where is working memory held?

Answer 41

prefrontal cortex

Question 42

whatis cognition?

Answer 42

ability to think and plan and make behavioural changes

Question 43

why is aggression seen in CDS?

Answer 43

imbalance of 5HT and ACh

Question 44

what are the 3 main neuro-biological causes of Alzeimers?

Answer 44

1. brain atrophy 2. B-amyloid plaques 3. N-fibrillary tangles

Question 45

describe the process of neurogenesis

Answer 45

* ventricular zone (stem cells) * cell bodies --> grey matter * axons --> white matter of marginal zone * diffferentiate

Question 46

what stimulates n-genesis?

Answer 46

enrichment brain activity

Question 47

where is balance control based in cerebellum?

Answer 47

flocculonodular lobe

Question 48

what is NPY

Answer 48

appetite stim, LHA mainly

Question 49

what is melanocortin

Answer 49

appetite suppressant

Question 50

what is adiponectin?

Answer 50

released by fat cells in skinny animals to stim feeding

Question 51

where are leptin R ?

Answer 51

arc nucleus